Record Information
Version1.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2020-10-27 23:29:06 UTC
Update Date2024-04-30 19:30:58 UTC
Metabolite IDMMDBc0000065
Metabolite Identification
Common NameIndoleacetic acid
DescriptionIndoleacetic acid (IAA) is a breakdown product of tryptophan metabolism and is often produced by the action of bacteria in the mammalian gut. Higher levels of IAA are associated with bacteria from Clostridium species including C. stricklandii, C. lituseburense, C. subterminale, and C. putrefaciens (PMID: 12173102 ). IAA can be found in Agrobacterium, Azospirillum, Bacillus, Bradyrhizobium, Clostridium, Enterobacter, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium (PMID: 12173102 , PMID: 17555270 , PMID: 12147474 , PMID: 19400643 , PMID: 9450337 , PMID: 21397014 ) (https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4612-3084-7_7) (https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1bf1b5m3). Some endogenous production of IAA in mammalian tissues also occurs. It may be produced by the decarboxylation of tryptamine or the oxidative deamination of tryptophan. IAA frequently occurs at low levels in urine and has been found in elevated levels in the urine of patients with phenylketonuria (PMID: 13610897 ). IAA has also been identified as a uremic toxin according to the European Uremic Toxin Working Group (PMID: 22626821 ). Using material extracted from human urine, it was discovered by Kogl in 1933 that indoleacetic acid is also an important plant hormone (PMID: 13610897 ). Specifically, IAA is a member of the group of phytohormones called auxins. IAA is generally considered to be the most important native auxin. Plant cells synthesize IAA from tryptophan (Wikipedia ). IAA and some derivatives can be oxidized by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into cytotoxic species. IAA is only toxic after oxidative decarboxylation; the effect of IAA/HRP is thought to be due in part to the formation of methylene-oxindole, which may conjugate with DNA bases and protein thiols. IAA/HRP could be used as the basis for targeted cancer, a potential new role for plant auxins in cancer therapy (PMID: 11163327 ).
Structure
Synonyms
ValueSource
(indol-3-yl)AcetateChEBI
(indol-3-yl)Acetic acidChEBI
2-(indol-3-yl)Ethanoic acidChEBI
3-IndolylessigsaeureChEBI
HeteroauxinChEBI
IAAChEBI
IESChEBI
Indole-3-acetic acidKegg
IndoleacetateKegg
(1H-indol-3-yl)AcetateKegg
2-(indol-3-yl)EthanoateGenerator
Indole-3-acetateGenerator
(1H-indol-3-yl)Acetic acidGenerator
(1H-indol-3-yl)-AcetateHMDB
(1H-indol-3-yl)-Acetic acidHMDB
1H-indol-3-YlacetateHMDB
1H-indol-3-Ylacetic acidHMDB
1H-Indole-3-acetateHMDB
1H-Indole-3-acetic acidHMDB
2-(1H-indol-3-yl)AcetateHMDB
2-(1H-indol-3-yl)Acetic acidHMDB
2-(3-Indolyl)acetateHMDB
2-(3-Indolyl)acetic acidHMDB
3-(Carboxymethyl)indoleHMDB
3-IAAHMDB
3-Indole-acetic acidHMDB
3-IndoleacetateHMDB
3-Indoleacetic acidHMDB
3-IndolylacetateHMDB
3-Indolylacetic acidHMDB
alpha-indol-3-yl-Acetic acidHMDB
b-IndoleacetateHMDB
b-Indoleacetic acidHMDB
b-IndolylacetateHMDB
b-Indolylacetic acidHMDB
beta-Indole-3-acetic acidHMDB
beta-IndoleacetateHMDB
beta-Indoleacetic acidHMDB
beta-IndolylacetateHMDB
beta-Indolylacetic acidHMDB
indol-3-YlacetateHMDB
indol-3-Ylacetic acidHMDB
Indolyl-3-acetateHMDB
Indolyl-3-acetic acidHMDB
IndolylacetateHMDB
Indolylacetic acidHMDB
Kyselina 3-indolyloctovaHMDB
RhizopinHMDB
Rhizopon aHMDB
Skatole carboxylateHMDB
Skatole carboxylic acidHMDB
Indoleacetic acid, calcium saltHMDB
Indoleacetic acid, monopotassium saltHMDB
Indoleacetic acid, monosodium saltHMDB
IES CPDHMDB
Indole acetic acidHMDB
Indoleacetic acid, alpha-(14)C-labeledHMDB
(R,R)-3,3'-Dithiobis(2-aminopropanoic acid)HMDB
(R-(R*,r*))-3,3'-dithiobis(2-aminopropanoic acid)HMDB
3,3'-Dithiobis-L-alanineHMDB
beta,Beta'-diamino-beta,beta'-dicarboxydiethyl disulfideHMDB
beta,Beta'-dithiodialanineHMDB
Bis(beta-amino-beta-carboxyethyl) disulfideHMDB
e921HMDB
L-alpha-Diamino-beta-dithiolactic acidHMDB
L-DicysteineHMDB
Oxidized L-cysteineHMDB
(R,R)-3,3'-Dithiobis(2-aminopropanoate)HMDB
(R-(R*,r*))-3,3'-dithiobis(2-aminopropanoate)HMDB
b,Beta'-diamino-b,beta'-dicarboxydiethyl disulfideHMDB
b,Beta'-diamino-b,beta'-dicarboxydiethyl disulphideHMDB
beta,Beta'-diamino-beta,beta'-dicarboxydiethyl disulphideHMDB
Β,beta'-diamino-β,beta'-dicarboxydiethyl disulfideHMDB
Β,beta'-diamino-β,beta'-dicarboxydiethyl disulphideHMDB
b,Beta'-dithiodialanineHMDB
Β,beta'-dithiodialanineHMDB
Bis(b-amino-b-carboxyethyl) disulfideHMDB
Bis(b-amino-b-carboxyethyl) disulphideHMDB
Bis(beta-amino-beta-carboxyethyl) disulphideHMDB
Bis(β-amino-β-carboxyethyl) disulfideHMDB
Bis(β-amino-β-carboxyethyl) disulphideHMDB
L-a-Diamino-b-dithiolactateHMDB
L-a-Diamino-b-dithiolactic acidHMDB
L-alpha-Diamino-beta-dithiolactateHMDB
L-Α-diamino-β-dithiolactateHMDB
L-Α-diamino-β-dithiolactic acidHMDB
(-)-CystineHMDB
(R-(R*,r*))-3,3'-dithiobisHMDB
2-Amino-3-(2-amino-2-carboxy-ethyl)disulfanyl-propanoateHMDB
2-Amino-3-(2-amino-2-carboxy-ethyl)disulfanyl-propanoic acidHMDB
2-Amino-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)dithio]propanoateHMDB
2-Amino-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)dithio]propanoic acidHMDB
3,3'-DithiobisHMDB
3,3'-Dithiobis[2-amino-[R-(r*,r*)]-propanoateHMDB
3,3'-Dithiobis[2-amino-[R-(r*,r*)]-propanoic acidHMDB
3,3'-DithiodialanineHMDB
b,B'-diamino-b,b'-dicarboxydiethyl disulfideHMDB
b,B'-dithiodialanineHMDB
beta,Beta'-dithiobisalanineHMDB
Bis(b-amino-beta-carboxyethyl) disulfideHMDB
Cysteine disulfideHMDB
CystinHMDB
CystineHMDB
Cystine acidHMDB
D(+)-3,3'-Dithiobis(2-aminopropanoateHMDB
D(+)-3,3'-Dithiobis(2-aminopropanoic acidHMDB
DicysteineHMDB
GelucystineHMDB
L-(-)-CystineHMDB
L-Cysteine disulfideHMDB
L-CystinHMDB
[R-(R*,r*)]-3,3'-dithiobisHMDB
L CystineHMDB
Copper cystinateHMDB
(+)-Lactic acidHMDB
(S)-(+)-Lactic acidHMDB
(S)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acidHMDB
(S)-2-Hydroxypropionic acidHMDB
L-(+)-alpha-Hydroxypropionic acidHMDB
L-(+)-Lactic acidHMDB
L-MilchsaeureHMDB
L-LactateHMDB
(+)-LactateHMDB
(S)-(+)-LactateHMDB
(S)-2-HydroxypropanoateHMDB
(S)-2-HydroxypropionateHMDB
L-(+)-a-HydroxypropionateHMDB
L-(+)-a-Hydroxypropionic acidHMDB
L-(+)-alpha-HydroxypropionateHMDB
L-(+)-Α-hydroxypropionateHMDB
L-(+)-Α-hydroxypropionic acidHMDB
L-(+)-LactateHMDB
(alpha)-LactateHMDB
(alpha)-Lactic acidHMDB
(S)-(+)-2-HydroxypropanoateHMDB
(S)-(+)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acidHMDB
(S)-2-Hydroxy-propanoateHMDB
(S)-2-Hydroxy-propanoic acidHMDB
(S)-LactateHMDB
(S)-Lactic acidHMDB
1-Hydroxyethane 1-carboxylateHMDB
1-Hydroxyethane 1-carboxylic acidHMDB
1-HydroxyethanecarboxylateHMDB
1-Hydroxyethanecarboxylic acidHMDB
2-HydroxypropanoateHMDB
2-Hydroxypropanoic acidHMDB
2-HydroxypropionateHMDB
a-HydroxypropanoateHMDB
a-Hydroxypropanoic acidHMDB
a-HydroxypropionateHMDB
a-Hydroxypropionic acidHMDB
alpha-HydroxypropanoateHMDB
alpha-Hydroxypropanoic acidHMDB
alpha-HydroxypropionateHMDB
alpha-Hydroxypropionic acidHMDB
L-(+)- Lactic acidHMDB
L-2-HydroxypropanoateHMDB
L-2-Hydroxypropanoic acidHMDB
LactateHMDB
Lactic acidHMDB
Milk acidHMDB
Sarcolactic acidHMDB
2-Hydroxypropionic acidHMDB
D-Lactic acidHMDB
D Lactic acidHMDB
Lactate, ammoniumHMDB
2 Hydroxypropanoic acidHMDB
2 Hydroxypropionic acidHMDB
Ammonium lactateHMDB
L Lactic acidHMDB
9-beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-9H-purin-6-olHMDB
9-beta-D-RibofuranosylhypoxanthineHMDB
Hypoxanthine D-ribosideHMDB
HypoxanthosineHMDB
iHMDB
InosinHMDB
InosinaHMDB
InosinumHMDB
InotinHMDB
9-b-D-Ribofuranosyl-9H-purin-6-olHMDB
9-Β-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purin-6-olHMDB
9-b-D-RibofuranosylhypoxanthineHMDB
9-Β-D-ribofuranosylhypoxanthineHMDB
(-)-InosineHMDB
1,9-Dihydro-9-b-D-ribofuranosyl-6H-purin-6-oneHMDB
1,9-Dihydro-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-6H-purin-6-oneHMDB
1,9-Dihydro-9-beta-delta-ribofuranosyl-6H-purin-6-oneHMDB
9-b-D-Ribofuranosyl-hypoxanthineHMDB
9-beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-hypoxanthineHMDB
9-beta-delta-Ribofuranosyl-hypoxanthineHMDB
9-beta-delta-RibofuranosylhypoxanthineHMDB
9beta-D-RibofuranosylhypoxanthineHMDB
9beta-delta-RibofuranosylhypoxanthineHMDB
AtorelHMDB
beta-D-Ribofuranoside hypoxanthine-9HMDB
beta-delta-Ribofuranoside hypoxanthine-9HMDB
beta-InosineHMDB
HXRHMDB
Hypoxanthine 9-beta-D-ribofuranosideHMDB
Hypoxanthine 9-beta-delta-ribofuranosideHMDB
Hypoxanthine nucleosideHMDB
Hypoxanthine ribonucleosideHMDB
Hypoxanthine ribosideHMDB
Hypoxanthine-9 beta-D-ribofuranosideHMDB
Hypoxanthine-9 beta-delta-ribofuranosideHMDB
Hypoxanthine-9-beta-D-ribofuranosideHMDB
Hypoxanthine-9-beta-delta-ribofuranosideHMDB
Hypoxanthine-9-D-ribofuranosideHMDB
Hypoxanthine-9-delta-ribofuranosideHMDB
Hypoxanthine-riboseHMDB
Indole-3-carboxaldehydeHMDB
InoHMDB
InosieHMDB
Iso-prinosineHMDB
OxiaminHMDB
Panholic-LHMDB
Pantholic-LHMDB
RibonosineHMDB
SelferHMDB
TrophicardylHMDB
(2S)-6-(Acetylamino)-2-aminohexanoic acidHMDB
N(6)-ACETYLLYSINEHMDB
N(zeta)-AcetyllysineHMDB
N-epsilon-Acetyl-L-lysineHMDB
N-Epsilon-AcetyllysineHMDB
N(epsilon)-Acetyl-L-lysineHMDB
N(zeta)-Acetyl-L-lysineHMDB
(2S)-6-(Acetylamino)-2-aminohexanoateHMDB
N(Z)-AcetyllysineHMDB
N(Ζ)-acetyllysineHMDB
N(Z)-Acetyl-L-lysineHMDB
N(Ζ)-acetyl-L-lysineHMDB
e-Acetyl-L-lysineHMDB
e-N-Acetyl-L-lysineHMDB
e-N-AcetyllysineHMDB
epsilon-Acetyl-L-lysineHMDB
epsilon-N-Acetyl-L-lysineHMDB
epsilon-N-AcetyllysineHMDB
L-e-N-AcetyllysineHMDB
L-epsilon-N-AcetyllysineHMDB
N-e-Acetyl-L-lysineHMDB
N-e-AcetyllysineHMDB
N6-AcetyllysineHMDB
Ne-acetyl-L-lysineHMDB
Ne-acetyllysineHMDB
Omega-N-acetyl-L-lysineHMDB
W-N-Acetyl-L-lysineHMDB
N(6)-AcetyllsineHMDB
Omega-acetyllsineHMDB
beta-Alanyl-3-methyl-L-histidineHMDB
beta-Alanyl-N(pai)-methyl-L-histidineHMDB
b-Alanyl-3-methyl-L-histidineHMDB
Β-alanyl-3-methyl-L-histidineHMDB
b-Alanyl-N(pai)-methyl-L-histidineHMDB
Β-alanyl-N(pai)-methyl-L-histidineHMDB
L-AnserineHMDB
L-N-b-Alanyl-3-methyl-histidineHMDB
L-N-beta-Alanyl-3-methyl-histidineHMDB
N-b-Alanyl-3-methyl-L-histidineHMDB
N-beta-Alanyl-3-methyl-L-histidineHMDB
BalanineHMDB
Beta Alanyl 3 methylhistidineHMDB
Beta-Alanyl-3-methylhistidineHMDB
OphidineHMDB
Indoleacetic acidChEBI
3-(Carboxymethyl)-1H-indolePhytoBank
3-Indolylmethylcarboxylic acidPhytoBank
alpha-IAAPhytoBank
α-IAAPhytoBank
beta-IAAPhytoBank
β-IAAPhytoBank
β-Indoleacetic acidPhytoBank
Molecular FormulaC10H9NO2
Average Mass175.184
Monoisotopic Mass175.063328537
IUPAC Name2-(1H-indol-3-yl)acetic acid
Traditional Nameβ-indole-3-acetic acid
CAS Registry Number87-51-4
SMILES
OC(=O)CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C10H9NO2/c12-10(13)5-7-6-11-9-4-2-1-3-8(7)9/h1-4,6,11H,5H2,(H,12,13)
InChI KeySEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N