MiMeDB: Showing metabocard for N-Acetylserine (MMDBc0000418)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Status

Detected and Quantified

Creation Date

2020-12-10 18:37:19 UTC

Update Date

2024-10-13 09:32:52 UTC

Metabolite ID

MMDBc0000418

Metabolite Identification

Common Name

N-Acetylserine

Description

N-Acetyl-L-serine or N-Acetylserine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as N-acyl-alpha amino acids. N-acyl-alpha amino acids are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at its terminal nitrogen atom. N-Acetylserine can also be classified as an alpha amino acid or a derivatized alpha amino acid. Technically, N-Acetylserine is a biologically available N-terminal capped form of the proteinogenic alpha amino acid L-serine. N-acetyl amino acids can be produced either via direct synthesis of specific N-acetyltransferases or via the proteolytic degradation of N-acetylated proteins by specific hydrolases. N-terminal acetylation of proteins is a widespread and highly conserved process in eukaryotes that is involved in protection and stability of proteins (PMID: 16465618 ). About 85% of all human proteins and 68% of all yeast proteins are acetylated at their N-terminus (PMID: 21750686 ). Several proteins from prokaryotes and archaea are also modified by N-terminal acetylation. The majority of eukaryotic N-terminal-acetylation reactions occur through N-acetyltransferase enzymes or NAT‚Äôs (PMID: 30054468 ). These enzymes consist of three main oligomeric complexes NatA, NatB, and NatC, which are composed of at least a unique catalytic subunit and one unique ribosomal anchor. The substrate specificities of different NAT enzymes are mainly determined by the identities of the first two N-terminal residues of the target protein. The human NatA complex co-translationally acetylates N-termini that bear a small amino acid (A, S, T, C, and occasionally V and G) (PMID: 30054468 ). NatA also exists in a monomeric state and can post-translationally acetylate acidic N-termini residues (D-, E-). NatB and NatC acetylate N-terminal methionine with further specificity determined by the identity of the second amino acid. N-acetylated amino acids, such as N-acetylserine can be released by an N-acylpeptide hydrolase from peptides generated by proteolytic degradation (PMID: 16465618 ). In addition to the NAT enzymes and protein-based acetylation, N-acetylation of free serine can also occur. Excessive amounts N-acetyl amino acids including N-acetylserine (as well as N-acetylglycine, N-acetylglutamine, N-acetylmethionine, N-acetylglutamate, N-acetylalanine, N-acetylleucine and smaller amounts of N-acetylthreonine, N-acetylisoleucine, and N-acetylvaline) can be detected in the urine with individuals with acylase I deficiency, a genetic disorder (PMID: 16465618 ). Aminoacylase I is a soluble homodimeric zinc binding enzyme that catalyzes the formation of free aliphatic amino acids from N-acetylated precursors. In humans, Aminoacylase I is encoded by the aminoacylase 1 gene (ACY1) on chromosome 3p21 that consists of 15 exons (OMIM 609924 ). Individuals with aminoacylase I deficiency will experience convulsions, hearing loss and difficulty feeding (PMID: 16465618 ). ACY1 can also catalyze the reverse reaction, the synthesis of acetylated amino acids. Many N-acetylamino acids, including N-acetylserine are classified as uremic toxins if present in high abundance in the serum or plasma (PMID: 26317986 ; PMID: 20613759 ). Uremic toxins are a diverse group of endogenously produced molecules that, if not properly cleared or eliminated by the kidneys, can cause kidney damage, cardiovascular disease and neurological deficits (PMID: 18287557 ).

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
Acetylserine	HMDB
N-Acetyl-L-serine	HMDB
(2S)-2-Acetamido-3-hydroxypropanoic acid	HMDB
(2S)-2-Acetamido-3-hydroxypropionic acid	HMDB
(S)-2-Acetamido-3-hydroxypropanoic acid	HMDB
(S)-2-Acetamido-3-hydroxypropionic acid	HMDB
N-Acetylserine	MeSH

Molecular Formula

C₅H₉NO₄

Average Mass

147.1293

Monoisotopic Mass

147.053157781

IUPAC Name

Not Available

Traditional Name

Not Available

CAS Registry Number

Not Available

SMILES

Not Available

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C5H9NO4/c1-3(8)6-4(2-7)5(9)10/h4,7H,2H2,1H3,(H,6,8)(H,9,10)/t4-/m0/s1

InChI Key

JJIHLJJYMXLCOY-BYPYZUCNSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as n-acyl-l-alpha-amino acids. These are n-acylated alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic acids and derivatives

Class

Carboxylic acids and derivatives

Sub Class

Amino acids, peptides, and analogues

Direct Parent

N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acids

Alternative Parents

Substituents

N-acyl-l-alpha-amino acid
Serine or derivatives
Beta-hydroxy acid
Hydroxy acid
Acetamide
Carboxamide group
Secondary carboxylic acid amide
Carboxylic acid
Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
Primary alcohol
Organooxygen compound
Organonitrogen compound
Organopnictogen compound
Alcohol
Organic oxygen compound
Carbonyl group
Organic nitrogen compound
Organic oxide
Hydrocarbon derivative
Aliphatic acyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic acyclic compounds

External Descriptors

N-acetyl-L-amino acid (CHEBI:45441 )
acetyl-L-serine (CHEBI:45441 )

Functional Ontology

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Expected Solid

Predicted Properties

Not Available

Spectra

Not Available

Biological Properties

Cellular Locations

Cytoplasm

Biospecimen Locations

Blood
Feces
Placenta
Saliva
Urine

Tissue Locations

Placenta

Associated OMIM IDs

114500 (Colorectal cancer)
610247 (Eosinophilic esophagitis)

Human Proteins and Enzymes

Protein ID	Protein Name	Protein Type	Uniprot ID	Species
MMDBp0192311	Coagulation factor XIII A chain	Unknown	P00488	Homo sapiens

Human Pathways

Pathways

Name	SMPDB/PathBank

Metabolic Reactions

Not Available

Health Effects and Bioactivity

Health Outcome/Bioactivity	Metabolite Response/Effect	Evidence Type	Host and Biospecimen	Data Source	Reference
Aminoacylase i deficiency		Association	Human Urine	HMDB	16465618

Microbial Sources

Superkingdom/Kingdom	Phylum	Total species	Hosts and Body Sites	Microbial Links
Bacteria	Firmicutes	4	Human ; Human stool; Human feces	Indirect association between microbiota composition and metabolites measured in host biospecimen
Bacteria	Actinobacteria	1	Human ; Human feces; Human sputum; Human saliva; Human supragingival plaque; Human subgingival plaque	Indirect association between microbiota composition and metabolites measured in host biospecimen
Eukaryota/Fungi	Ascomycota	1	Human feces; Human saliva	Unknown

Exposure Sources

Source Type	Activity	Data Source	Reference
Drugs	Antimicrobial	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency	CompTox
Cosmetics	Not Available	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency	CompTox
Domestics	Not Available	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency	CompTox

Host Biospecimen and Location

Host and Biospecimen	Status	Mean	Min	Max	Units	Age	Sex	Health Condition	Data Source	Reference
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	104	99	111	umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Aminoacylase I deficiency	HMDB	16465618
Human Placenta	Detected but not Quantified					Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified					Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified					Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified					Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified					Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified					Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified					Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified					Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified					Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified					Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified					Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified					Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	27543620
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified					Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	29808030
Human Blood	Detected but not Quantified								HMDB

External Links

HMDB ID

HMDB0002931

DrugBank ID

DB02340

Phenol Explorer Compound ID

Not Available

FooDB ID

FDB000970

KNApSAcK ID

Not Available

Chemspider ID

58744

KEGG Compound ID

Not Available

BioCyc ID

Not Available

BiGG ID

Not Available

Wikipedia Link

O-Acetylserine

METLIN ID

308

PubChem Compound

65249

PDB ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

45441

Food Biomarker Ontology

Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

General References

Sugahara K, Zhang J, Kodama H: Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of N-acetylamino acids in human urine. J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1994 Jul 1;657(1):15-21. doi: 10.1016/0378-4347(94)80064-2. [PubMed:7952062 ]
Lynch AS, Tyrrell R, Smerdon SJ, Briggs GS, Wilkinson AJ: Characterization of the CysB protein of Klebsiella aerogenes: direct evidence that N-acetylserine rather than O-acetylserine serves as the inducer of the cysteine regulon. Biochem J. 1994 Apr 1;299 ( Pt 1):129-36. doi: 10.1042/bj2990129. [PubMed:8166630 ]
Boesgaard S, Aldershvile J, Poulsen HE, Christensen S, Dige-Petersen H, Giese J: N-acetylcysteine inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme in vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1993 Jun;265(3):1239-44. [PubMed:8389858 ]
Van Coster RN, Gerlo EA, Giardina TG, Engelke UF, Smet JE, De Praeter CM, Meersschaut VA, De Meirleir LJ, Seneca SH, Devreese B, Leroy JG, Herga S, Perrier JP, Wevers RA, Lissens W: Aminoacylase I deficiency: a novel inborn error of metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Dec 23;338(3):1322-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.10.126. Epub 2005 Nov 2. [PubMed:16274666 ]
Sass JO, Mohr V, Olbrich H, Engelke U, Horvath J, Fliegauf M, Loges NT, Schweitzer-Krantz S, Moebus R, Weiler P, Kispert A, Superti-Furga A, Wevers RA, Omran H: Mutations in ACY1, the gene encoding aminoacylase 1, cause a novel inborn error of metabolism. Am J Hum Genet. 2006 Mar;78(3):401-9. doi: 10.1086/500563. Epub 2006 Jan 18. [PubMed:16465618 ]
Gerlo E, Van Coster R, Lissens W, Winckelmans G, De Meirleir L, Wevers R: Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of N-acetylated amino acids: the first case of aminoacylase I deficiency. Anal Chim Acta. 2006 Jul 7;571(2):191-9. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.04.079. Epub 2006 May 5. [PubMed:17723438 ]
Vanholder R, Baurmeister U, Brunet P, Cohen G, Glorieux G, Jankowski J: A bench to bedside view of uremic toxins. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 May;19(5):863-70. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2007121377. Epub 2008 Feb 20. [PubMed:18287557 ]
Toyohara T, Akiyama Y, Suzuki T, Takeuchi Y, Mishima E, Tanemoto M, Momose A, Toki N, Sato H, Nakayama M, Hozawa A, Tsuji I, Ito S, Soga T, Abe T: Metabolomic profiling of uremic solutes in CKD patients. Hypertens Res. 2010 Sep;33(9):944-52. doi: 10.1038/hr.2010.113. Epub 2010 Jul 8. [PubMed:20613759 ]
Van Damme P, Hole K, Pimenta-Marques A, Helsens K, Vandekerckhove J, Martinho RG, Gevaert K, Arnesen T: NatF contributes to an evolutionary shift in protein N-terminal acetylation and is important for normal chromosome segregation. PLoS Genet. 2011 Jul;7(7):e1002169. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002169. Epub 2011 Jul 7. [PubMed:21750686 ]
Tanaka H, Sirich TL, Plummer NS, Weaver DS, Meyer TW: An Enlarged Profile of Uremic Solutes. PLoS One. 2015 Aug 28;10(8):e0135657. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135657. eCollection 2015. [PubMed:26317986 ]
Ree R, Varland S, Arnesen T: Spotlight on protein N-terminal acetylation. Exp Mol Med. 2018 Jul 27;50(7):1-13. doi: 10.1038/s12276-018-0116-z. [PubMed:30054468 ]
Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043. [PubMed:32033212 ]

Showing metabocard for N-Acetylserine (MMDBc0000418)

MOL for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb043fb970>

3D MOL for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb043fb970>

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3D PDB for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb043fb970>

SMILES for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb043fb970>

INCHI for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb043fb970>

Structure for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb043fb970>

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