Record Information
Version1.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2020-12-10 18:52:43 UTC
Update Date2024-04-30 19:33:32 UTC
Metabolite IDMMDBc0000686
Metabolite Identification
Common NamePalmitoyl sphingomyelin
DescriptionSM(d18:1/16:0) is a sphingomyelin (SM). Sphingomyelins are members of the class of compounds known as sphingolipids (SPs), or glycosylceramides. SPs are lipids containing a backbone of sphingoid bases (e.g. sphingosine or sphinganine) that are often covalently bound to a fatty acid derivative through N-acylation. SPs are found in cell membranes, particularly in peripheral nerve cells and the cells found in the central nervous system (including the brain and spinal cord). Sphingolipids are extremely versatile molecules that have functions controlling fundamental cellular processes such as cell division, differentiation, and cell death. Impairments associated with sphingolipid metabolism are associated with many common human diseases such as diabetes, various cancers, microbial infections, diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, Alzheimer’s disease and other neurological syndromes. The biosynthesis and catabolism of sphingolipids involves a large number of intermediate metabolites where many different enzymes are involved. Simple sphingolipids, which include the sphingoid bases and ceramides, make up the early products of the sphingolipid synthetic pathways, while complex sphingolipids may be formed by the addition of head groups to the ceramide template (Wikipedia). SM is the major sphingolipid in mammals it is found in animal cell membranes, especially in the membranous myelin sheath that surrounds some nerve cell axons. It usually consists of phosphocholine and ceramide, or a phosphoethanolamine head group. In humans, sphingomyelin is the only membrane phospholipid not derived from glycerol. SM contains one polar head group, which is either phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine. The plasma membrane of cells is highly enriched in sphingomyelin and is considered largely to be found in the exoplasmic leaflet of the cell membrane. However, there is some evidence that there may also be a sphingomyelin pool in the inner leaflet of the membrane. Moreover, neutral sphingomyelinase-2 - an enzyme that breaks down sphingomyelin into ceramide has been found to localise exclusively to the inner leaflet further suggesting that there may be sphingomyelin present there. Sphingomyelin can accumulate in a rare hereditary disease called Niemann-Pick Disease, types A and B. Niemann-Pick disease is a genetically-inherited disease caused by a deficiency in the enzyme sphingomyelinase, which causes the accumulation of sphingomyelin in spleen, liver, lungs, bone marrow, and the brain, causing irreversible neurological damage. SMs play a role in signal transduction. Sphingomyelins are synthesized by the transfer of phosphorylcholine from phosphatidylcholine to a ceramide in a reaction catalyzed by sphingomyelin synthase. In terms of its appearance and structure, SM(d18:1/16:0) consists of an unsaturated 18-carbon sphingoid base with an attached saturated hexadecanoyl fatty acid side chain. In most mammalian SPs, the 18-carbon sphingoid bases are predominant (PMID: 9759481 ).
Structure
Synonyms
ValueSource
(2S,3R,4E)-2-(Palmitoylamino)-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-en-1-yl 2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethyl phosphateChEBI
(2S,3R,4E)-3-Hydroxy-2-(palmitoylamino)octadec-4-en-1-yl 2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethyl phosphateChEBI
C16 SphingomyelinChEBI
C16-SphingomyelinChEBI
Hexadecanoyl sphingomyelinChEBI
N-(Hexadecanoyl)-sphing-4-enine-1-phosphocholineChEBI
N-Hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine-1-phosphocholineChEBI
N-HexadecanoylsphingomyelinChEBI
N-Palmitoyl-D-erythro-sphingosylphosphorylcholineChEBI
N-Palmitoylsphing-4-enine-1-phosphocholineChEBI
N-PalmitoylsphingomyelinChEBI
N-Palmitoylsphingosine-1-phosphocholineChEBI
Palmitoyl sphingomyelinChEBI
Palmitoyl sphingomyelin (D18:1/16:0)ChEBI
PalmitoylsphingomyelinChEBI
SM(18:1/16:0)ChEBI
Sphingomyelin (D18:1/16:0)ChEBI
Sphingomyelin D18:1/16:0ChEBI
Sphingomyelin(D18:1/16:0)ChEBI
(2S,3R,4E)-2-(Palmitoylamino)-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-en-1-yl 2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethyl phosphoric acidGenerator
(2S,3R,4E)-3-Hydroxy-2-(palmitoylamino)octadec-4-en-1-yl 2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethyl phosphoric acidGenerator
N-Palmitoylsphingosine-phosphorylcholineHMDB
N-PSPCHMDB
N-Palmitoyl-D-erythrosphingosylphosphorylcholineHMDB
N-Palmitoyl-D-sphingomyelinHMDB
N-PalmitoylsphingosylphosphorylcholineHMDB
Sphingomyelin (D18:1 C16:0)HMDB
Sphingomyelin (DC18:1/c16:0)HMDB
Sphingomyelin 16:0HMDB
SphingomyelinMetBuilder
N-(Hexadecanoyl)-1-phosphocholine-sphing-4-enineMetBuilder
N-(Hexadecanoyl)-1-phosphocholine-sphingosineMetBuilder
N-(Hexadecanoyl)-1-phosphocholine-D-erythro-sphingosineMetBuilder
N-(Hexadecanoyl)-1-phosphocholine-4-sphingenineMetBuilder
N-(Hexadecanoyl)-1-phosphocholine-D-sphingosineMetBuilder
N-(Hexadecanoyl)-1-phosphocholine-sphingenineMetBuilder
N-(Hexadecanoyl)-1-phosphocholine-erythro-4-sphingenineMetBuilder
SM(D18:1/16:0)ChEBI
Molecular FormulaC39H79N2O6P
Average Mass703.0281
Monoisotopic Mass702.567574782
IUPAC Name(2-{[(2S,3R,4E)-2-hexadecanamido-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-en-1-yl phosphono]oxy}ethyl)trimethylazanium
Traditional Name(2-{[(2S,3R,4E)-2-hexadecanamido-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-en-1-yl phosphono]oxy}ethyl)trimethylazanium
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
[H][C@@](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)(NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[C@H](O)\C=C\CCCCCCCCCCCCC
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C39H79N2O6P/c1-6-8-10-12-14-16-18-20-22-24-26-28-30-32-38(42)37(36-47-48(44,45)46-35-34-41(3,4)5)40-39(43)33-31-29-27-25-23-21-19-17-15-13-11-9-7-2/h30,32,37-38,42H,6-29,31,33-36H2,1-5H3,(H-,40,43,44,45)/b32-30+/t37-,38+/m0/s1
InChI KeyRWKUXQNLWDTSLO-GWQJGLRPSA-N