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Record Information
Version1.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2020-10-27 23:24:41 UTC
Update Date2024-09-27 22:04:41 UTC
Metabolite IDMMDBc0000011
Metabolite Identification
Common NameAcetic acid
DescriptionAcetic acid is one of the simplest carboxylic acids. It is an important chemical reagent and industrial chemical that is used in the production of plastic soft drink bottles, photographic film; and polyvinyl acetate for wood glue, as well as many synthetic fibres and fabrics. In households diluted acetic acid is often used as a cleaning agent. In the food industry acetic acid is used as an acidity regulator. The acetyl group, derived from acetic acid, is fundamental to the biochemistry of virtually all forms of life. When bound to coenzyme A it is central to the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. However, the concentration of free acetic acid in cells is kept at a low level to avoid disrupting the control of the pH of the cell contents. Acetic acid is produced and excreted by certain bacteria, notably the Acetobacter genus and Clostridium acetobutylicum. These bacteria are found universally in foodstuffs, water, and soil, and acetic acid is produced naturally as fruits and some other foods spoil. Acetic acid is also a component of the vaginal lubrication of humans and other primates, where it appears to serve as a mild antibacterial agent. Acetic acid is found to be associated with phenylketonuria, which is an inborn error of metabolism. Urinary acetic acid is produced by Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter frundii, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus group B, Staphylococcus saprophyticus (PMID: 22292465 ). Concentrations greater than 30 uM/mM creatinine indicate a urinary tract infection, which typically indicates the presence of E. coli or Klebshiella pneumonia. (PMID: 24909875 ) Acetic acid is also found in Akkermansia, Bacteroidetes, Bifidobacterium, Prevotella and Ruminococcus (PMID: 20444704 ; PMID: 22292465 ).
Structure
Synonyms
Molecular FormulaC2H4O2
Average Mass60.052
Monoisotopic Mass60.021129372
IUPAC Nameacetic acid
Traditional Nameacetic acid
CAS Registry Number64-19-7
SMILES
CC(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C2H4O2/c1-2(3)4/h1H3,(H,3,4)
InChI KeyQTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N