MiMeDB: Showing metabocard for Cytidine (MMDBc0000023)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Status

Detected and Quantified

Creation Date

2020-10-27 23:27:33 UTC

Update Date

2024-10-10 00:31:21 UTC

Metabolite ID

MMDBc0000023

Metabolite Identification

Common Name

Cytidine

Description

Cytidine is a nucleoside that is composed of the base cytosine linked to the five-carbon sugar D-ribose. Cytidine is a pyrimidine that besides being incorporated into nucleic acids, can serve as a substrate for the salvage pathway of pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. It is a precursor of cytidine triphosphate (CTP) needed in the phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthetic pathways. These variations probably reflect the species differences in cytidine deaminase, the enzyme that converts cytidine to uridine in the body. The transport of cytidine into the brain's extracellular fluid, and then into neurons and glia, are essential prerequisites for cytidine to be utilized in the brain. An efficient mechanism mediating the brain uptake of circulating cytidine has not yet been demonstrated. The biosynthesis of PC, the most abundant phosphatide in the brain, via the Kennedy pathway requires phosphocholine and cytidine triphosphate (CTP), a cytidine nucleotide involved in the rate-limiting step. The enzyme that converts CTP to endogenous CDP-choline (CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase) is unsaturated at physiological brain CTP levels. APOBEC is a family of enzymes that has been discovered with the ability to deaminate cytidines on RNA or DNA. The human apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3G protein (APOBEC3G, or hA3G), provides cells with an intracellular antiretroviral activity that is associated with the hypermutation of viral DNA through cytidine deamination. Indeed, hA3G belongs to a family of vertebrate proteins that contains one or two copies of a signature sequence motif unique to cytidine deaminases (CTDAs) (PMID: 16769123 , 15780864 , 16720547 ).

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
1-beta-D-Ribofuranosylcytosine	ChEBI
1beta-D-Ribofuranosylcytosine	ChEBI
4-AMINO-1-BETA-D-ribofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone	ChEBI
4-Amino-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one	ChEBI
4-Amino-1beta-D-ribofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone	ChEBI
Cyd	ChEBI
Cytidin	ChEBI
Cytosine riboside	ChEBI
Cytosine-1beta-D-ribofuranoside	ChEBI
Zytidin	ChEBI
Posilent	Kegg
1-b-D-Ribofuranosylcytosine	Generator
1-Β-D-ribofuranosylcytosine	Generator
1b-D-Ribofuranosylcytosine	Generator
1Β-D-ribofuranosylcytosine	Generator
4-AMINO-1-b-D-ribofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone	Generator
4-AMINO-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone	Generator
4-Amino-1-b-D-ribofuranosylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one	Generator
4-Amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one	Generator
4-Amino-1b-D-ribofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone	Generator
4-Amino-1β-D-ribofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone	Generator
Cytosine-1b-D-ribofuranoside	Generator
Cytosine-1β-D-ribofuranoside	Generator
1-(b-D-Ribofuranosyl)-2-oxo-4-amino-1,2-dihydro-1,3-diazine	HMDB
1-(b-delta-Ribofuranosyl)-2-oxo-4-amino-1,2-dihydro-1,3-diazine	HMDB
1-b-D-Ribosyl-cytosine	HMDB
1-beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-cytosine	HMDB
1-beta-delta-Ribofuranosyl-cytosine	HMDB
1-beta-delta-Ribofuranosylcytosine	HMDB
1-beta-delta-Ribosyl-cytosine	HMDB
1beta-delta-Ribofuranosylcytosine	HMDB
1beta-Ribofuranosylcytosine	HMDB
4-Amino-1-beta-delta-ribofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone	HMDB
Cytosine-1b-delta-ribofuranoside	HMDB
Cytosine-1beta-delta-ribofuranoside	HMDB
Cytosine ribonucleoside	HMDB
Ribonucleoside, cytosine	HMDB
Riboside, cytosine	HMDB
1-(beta-D-Ribofuranosyl)-2-oxo-4-amino-1,2-dihydro-1,3-diazine	HMDB
1-(Β-D-ribofuranosyl)-2-oxo-4-amino-1,2-dihydro-1,3-diazine	HMDB

Molecular Formula

C₉H₁₃N₃O₅

Average Mass

243.2166

Monoisotopic Mass

243.085520541

IUPAC Name

Not Available

Traditional Name

Not Available

CAS Registry Number

65-46-3

SMILES

Not Available

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C9H13N3O5/c10-5-1-2-12(9(16)11-5)8-7(15)6(14)4(3-13)17-8/h1-2,4,6-8,13-15H,3H2,(H2,10,11,16)/t4-,6-,7-,8-/m1/s1

InChI Key

UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-XVFCMESISA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidine nucleosides. Pyrimidine nucleosides are compounds comprising a pyrimidine base attached to a ribosyl or deoxyribosyl moiety.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues

Class

Pyrimidine nucleosides

Sub Class

Not Available

Direct Parent

Pyrimidine nucleosides

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Pyrimidine nucleoside
Glycosyl compound
N-glycosyl compound
Pentose monosaccharide
Aminopyrimidine
Pyrimidone
Hydropyrimidine
Monosaccharide
Pyrimidine
Imidolactam
Tetrahydrofuran
Heteroaromatic compound
Secondary alcohol
Oxacycle
Azacycle
Organoheterocyclic compound
Organic nitrogen compound
Primary alcohol
Organic oxide
Organooxygen compound
Organonitrogen compound
Amine
Alcohol
Organopnictogen compound
Organic oxygen compound
Primary amine
Hydrocarbon derivative
Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

cytidines (CHEBI:17562 )
Ribonucleosides (C00475 )

Functional Ontology

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Expected Solid

Predicted Properties

Not Available

Spectra

Not Available

Biological Properties

Cellular Locations

Extracellular
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Nucleus

Biospecimen Locations

All Tissues
Blood
Breast Milk
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Feces
Placenta
Prostate
Saliva
Urine

Tissue Locations

All Tissues
Placenta
Prostate

Associated OMIM IDs

114500 (Colorectal cancer)
610247 (Eosinophilic esophagitis)

Human Proteins and Enzymes

Protein ID	Protein Name	Protein Type	Uniprot ID	Species
MMDBp0191677	5'-nucleotidase	Unknown	P21589	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0191680	Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1B	Unknown	Q96P26	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0191681	Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A	Unknown	Q9BXI3	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0191682	5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, cytosolic type	Unknown	Q8TCD5	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0191684	5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, mitochondrial	Unknown	Q9NPB1	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0191778	Uridine-cytidine kinase 1	Unknown	Q9HA47	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0192001	Bifunctional UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase	Enzyme	Q9Y223	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0193590	Uridine-cytidine kinase 2	Unknown	Q9BZX2	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0193783	AID	Enzyme	Q546Y9	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0193860	Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 3	Enzyme	Q9H0P0	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0193932	Cytosolic purine 5'-nucleotidase	Unknown	P49902	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0194012	Cytidine deaminase	Unknown	P32320	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0194185	Uridine-cytidine kinase-like 1	Enzyme	Q9NWZ5	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0196270	DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3H	Enzyme	Q6NTF7	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0196330	Zinc finger protein 638	Unknown	Q14966	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0196331	CUGBP Elav-like family member 2	Unknown	O95319	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0196667	Probable DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3A	Unknown	P31941
MMDBp0196668	Probable DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3B	Unknown	Q9UH17
MMDBp0196669	Probable DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3C	Unknown	Q9NRW3
MMDBp0196670	Probable DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3D	Unknown	Q96AK3
MMDBp0196671	DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3F	Unknown	Q8IUX4
MMDBp0196681	Activation-induced cytidine deaminase	Unknown	Q9GZX7

Human Pathways

Pathways

Name	SMPDB/PathBank

Metabolic Reactions

Reactions

Reaction ID	Precursor	Product	Enzyme	Data Source	Reference
MMDBr0000574	Cytidine	Uridine	Not Available	VMH; KEGG	14744791 15087440 7923172 8001985 8422236
MMDBr0000575	Cytidine	Cytidine monophosphate	Not Available	VMH; KEGG	30371894
MMDBr0000576	Cytidine	Cytidine monophosphate	Not Available	VMH; KEGG	30371894
MMDBr0000577	Cytidine	Uridine	activation-induced cytidine deaminase	VMH; KEGG	15087440
MMDBr0001790	Cytidine monophosphate	Cytidine	5', 3'-nucleotidase, cytosolic	VMH; KEGG	30371894
MMDBr0001791	Cytidine monophosphate	Cytidine	acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal	VMH; KEGG	30371894
MMDBr0002585	Cytidine	Cytidine monophosphate	uridine-cytidine kinase 1	VMH	11306702 9923963
MMDBr0006922	Cytidine	Cytidine monophosphate	Not Available	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0007638	Cytidine monophosphate	Cytidine	Not Available	VMH; KEGG	30371894
MMDBr0007742	Cytidine	Cytidine monophosphate	Not Available	VMH; KEGG	30371894
MMDBr0007743	Cytidine	Cytidine monophosphate	Not Available	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0007997	Cytidine	Cytidine monophosphate	Not Available	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0007998	Cytidine	Cytidine monophosphate	Not Available	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0007999	Cytidine	Cytidine monophosphate	Not Available	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0008000	Cytidine	Cytidine monophosphate	Not Available	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0008001	Cytidine	Cytidine monophosphate	Not Available	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0008073	Cytosine	Cytidine	Not Available	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0008452	Cytidine	Cytosine	Not Available	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0010274	Cytidine	Cytidine monophosphate	family with sequence similarity 20 member B	VMH	30371894

Health Effects and Bioactivity

Health Outcome/Bioactivity	Metabolite Response/Effect	Evidence Type	Host and Biospecimen	Data Source	Reference
Alzheimer's disease	Slight Decrease	Association	Human Saliva	HMDB	23857558
Canavan disease	Increased	Association	Human Blood	HMDB	16139832
Canavan disease	Increased	Association	Human Urine	HMDB	16139832
Frontotemporal dementia		Association	Human Saliva	HMDB	23857558
Uremia	Slight Increase	Association	Human Blood	HMDB	12675874

Microbial Sources

Superkingdom/Kingdom	Phylum	Total species	Hosts and Body Sites	Microbial Links
Eukaryota	Parabasalia	1		Microbial culture
Bacteria	Bacteroidetes	242	Human ; Human urine; Human feces; Human appendix biopsy; Human stool; Human saliva; Human gastric fluid; Human subgingival plaque; Human supragingival plaque	Indirect association between microbiota composition and metabolites measured in host biospecimen; Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Firmicutes	667	Human stool; Human ; Human feces; Human urine; Human saliva; Human sputum; Human subgingival plaque; Human vaginal fluid; Human supragingival plaque; Human mucosa; Human pleural fluid plaque; Pig ; Cattle ; Catfish	Indirect association between microbiota composition and metabolites measured in host biospecimen; Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Proteobacteria	486	Human feces; Human stool; Human ; Human mucosa; Human supragingival plaque; Human saliva; Human subgingival plaque; Human sputum; Human unknown; Pig ; Human pleural fluid plaque; Human dental plaque; Human nasal swab; Human feces; pleural fluid plaque; bal; Cattle ; River trout ; Chicken	Indirect association between microbiota composition and metabolites measured in host biospecimen; Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Actinobacteria	190	Human feces; Human sputum; Human bronchial brush; Human nasopharyngeal swab; Human pleural fluid plaque; Human dental plaque; Human ; Human supragingival plaque; Human mucosa; Human subgingival plaque; Human saliva	Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Verrucomicrobia	2	Human ; Human feces	Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Synergistetes	5	Human feces	Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Spirochaetes	13	Human feces; Human ; Relapsing fever tick	Metabolic reconstruction
Archaea	Thaumarchaeota	2		Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Fusobacteria	29	Human feces; Human	Metabolic reconstruction
Archaea	Euryarchaeota	7		Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Candidatus melainabacteria	2	Human feces	Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Tenericutes	12	Human feces; Human	Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Planctomycetes	3	Human feces	Metabolic reconstruction
Archaea	Crenarchaeota	2		Metabolic reconstruction
Eukaryota/Fungi	Ascomycota	3	Human feces; Human saliva	Unknown
Archaea/Archaea	Euryarchaeota	4		Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Chloroflexi	3
Bacteria	Chlamydiae	1	Human
Bacteria	Deinococcus-thermus	4
Bacteria	Chlorobi	1

Exposure Sources

Source Type	Source Sub-type	Species	Data Source	Reference

Host Biospecimen and Location

Host and Biospecimen	Status	Mean	Std	Min	Max	Units	Age	Sex	Health Condition	Data Source	Reference
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified									HMDB
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	0.39	0.30			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Alzheimer's disease	HMDB	23857558
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.26	0.13			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Canavan disease	HMDB	16139832
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	4.03	1.77			umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Canavan disease	HMDB	16139832
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	0.48	0.23			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Frontotemporal lobe dementia	HMDB	23857558
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	0.22	0.17			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Lewy body disease	HMDB	23857558
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	2.920	1.230			uM	Children (3 months - 6 years old)	Not Specified	Uremia	HMDB	12675874
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.1				uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	6656991
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	<2				uM	Children (3 months - 6 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	12675874
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.07	0.05			umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	9129323
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.07	0.05			umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	9129323
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.08	0.06			umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	9129323
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.25	0.19			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	16139832
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.33	0.17			umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	16139832
Human Cerebrospinal fluid (csf)	Detected and Quantified	0.44	0.32			uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	3390913
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	0.45	0.31			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	23857558
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.78		0.00	1.6	umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	15116424
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	1.12	0.69			umol/mmol creatinine	Adolescent (13-18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	16139832
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	1.50	1.34			umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1-13 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	16139832
Human Breast milk	Detected and Quantified	3.4	1.4			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	24027187
Human Breast milk	Detected and Quantified	5.14	3.49			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	7702711
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	0.0683	0.0749			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	Sugimoto et al. (2013) Physiological and environmental parameters associated with mass spectrometry-based salivary metabolomic profiles.
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	0.0683	0.0749			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	Sugimoto et al. (2013) Physiological and environmental parameters associated with mass spectrometry-based salivary metabolomic profiles.
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	0.0787	0.0807			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	Sugimoto et al. (2013) Physiological and environmental parameters associated with mass spectrometry-based salivary metabolomic profiles.
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	0.0886	0.0760			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	Sugimoto et al. (2013) Physiological and environmental parameters associated with mass spectrometry-based salivary metabolomic profiles.
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	0.123	0.0900			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	Sugimoto et al. (2013) Physiological and environmental parameters associated with mass spectrometry-based salivary metabolomic profiles.
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	0.125	0.0812			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	Sugimoto et al. (2013) Physiological and environmental parameters associated with mass spectrometry-based salivary metabolomic profiles.
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	0.132	0.0808			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	Sugimoto et al. (2013) Physiological and environmental parameters associated with mass spectrometry-based salivary metabolomic profiles.
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	0.237	0.184			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	Sugimoto et al. (2013) Physiological and environmental parameters associated with mass spectrometry-based salivary metabolomic profiles.
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	1.05	0.828			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	Sugimoto et al. (2013) Physiological and environmental parameters associated with mass spectrometry-based salivary metabolomic profiles.
Human All tissues	Detected but not Quantified						Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Placenta	Detected but not Quantified						Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Prostate	Detected but not Quantified						Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified						Children (6 - 18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	27609529
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	27543620
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	25037050
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	29808030
Human Urine	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	32966057
Human Blood	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	32966057

External Links

HMDB ID

HMDB0000089

DrugBank ID

DB02097

Phenol Explorer Compound ID

Not Available

FooDB ID

KNApSAcK ID

Chemspider ID

KEGG Compound ID

BioCyc ID

BiGG ID

Wikipedia Link

METLIN ID

PubChem Compound

PDB ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

17562

Food Biomarker Ontology

Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

General References

Lee SH, Jung BH, Kim SY, Chung BC: A rapid and sensitive method for quantitation of nucleosides in human urine using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry with direct urine injection. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2004;18(9):973-7. doi: 10.1002/rcm.1400. [PubMed:15116424 ]
Mahieux R, Suspene R, Delebecque F, Henry M, Schwartz O, Wain-Hobson S, Vartanian JP: Extensive editing of a small fraction of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 genomes by four APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases. J Gen Virol. 2005 Sep;86(Pt 9):2489-2494. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.80973-0. [PubMed:16099907 ]
Eells JT, Spector R: Purine and pyrimidine base and nucleoside concentrations in human cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. Neurochem Res. 1983 Nov;8(11):1451-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00965000. [PubMed:6656991 ]
Schrofelbauer B, Yu Q, Zeitlin SG, Landau NR: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr induces the degradation of the UNG and SMUG uracil-DNA glycosylases. J Virol. 2005 Sep;79(17):10978-87. doi: 10.1128/JVI.79.17.10978-10987.2005. [PubMed:16103149 ]
Min IM, Selsing E: Antibody class switch recombination: roles for switch sequences and mismatch repair proteins. Adv Immunol. 2005;87:297-328. doi: 10.1016/S0065-2776(05)87008-7. [PubMed:16102577 ]
Zhong SQ, Sun LJ, Yan YZ, Sun YQ, Zhong YY: Effect of Xuesaitong soft capsule on hemorrheology and in auxiliarily treating patients with acute cerebral infarction. Chin J Integr Med. 2005 Jun;11(2):128-31. doi: 10.1007/BF02836469. [PubMed:16150200 ]
Barbour JD, Grant RM: The role of viral fitness in HIV pathogenesis. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2005 Feb;2(1):29-34. doi: 10.1007/s11904-996-0006-1. [PubMed:16091246 ]
Sreekumar A, Poisson LM, Rajendiran TM, Khan AP, Cao Q, Yu J, Laxman B, Mehra R, Lonigro RJ, Li Y, Nyati MK, Ahsan A, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Cao X, Byun J, Omenn GS, Ghosh D, Pennathur S, Alexander DC, Berger A, Shuster JR, Wei JT, Varambally S, Beecher C, Chinnaiyan AM: Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression. Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07762. [PubMed:19212411 ]
Cansev M: Uridine and cytidine in the brain: their transport and utilization. Brain Res Rev. 2006 Sep;52(2):389-97. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2006.05.001. [PubMed:16769123 ]
Huthoff H, Malim MH: Cytidine deamination and resistance to retroviral infection: towards a structural understanding of the APOBEC proteins. Virology. 2005 Apr 10;334(2):147-53. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2005.01.038. [PubMed:15780864 ]
Navaratnam N, Sarwar R: An overview of cytidine deaminases. Int J Hematol. 2006 Apr;83(3):195-200. doi: 10.1532/IJH97.06032. [PubMed:16720547 ]
Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043. [PubMed:32033212 ]

Showing metabocard for Cytidine (MMDBc0000023)

MOL for #<Metabolite:0x00007f46c64d74c0>

3D MOL for #<Metabolite:0x00007f46c64d74c0>

3D SDF for #<Metabolite:0x00007f46c64d74c0>

3D-SDF for #<Metabolite:0x00007f46c64d74c0>

PDB for #<Metabolite:0x00007f46c64d74c0>

3D PDB for #<Metabolite:0x00007f46c64d74c0>

SMILES for #<Metabolite:0x00007f46c64d74c0>

INCHI for #<Metabolite:0x00007f46c64d74c0>

Structure for #<Metabolite:0x00007f46c64d74c0>

3D Structure for #<Metabolite:0x00007f46c64d74c0>