Record Information
Version1.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2021-11-19 15:42:10 UTC
Update Date2024-10-09 19:43:20 UTC
Metabolite IDMMDBc0047777
Metabolite Identification
Common NameUroporphyrin I
DescriptionUroporphyrin is the porphyrin produced by oxidation of the methylene bridges in uroporphyrinogen. Uroporphyrins have four acetic acid and four propionic acid side chains attached to their pyrrole rings. The enzyme uroporphyrinogen I synthase catalyzes the formation of hydroxymethylbilane from four molecules of porphobilinogen. Uroporphyrinogen III cosynthase then catalyzes the conversion of hydroxymethylbilane into uroporphyrinogen III. Otherwise, hydroxymethylbilane cyclizes nonenzymatically to form uroporphyrinogen I. Uroporphyrinogen I and III yield their respective uroporphyrins via autooxidation or their respective coproporphyrinogens via decarboxylation. Excessive amounts of uroporphyrin I are excreted in congenital erythropoietic porphyria, and both uroporphyrin I and uroporphyrin III are excreted in porphyria cutanea tarda. Uroporphyrin I and III are the most common isomers. Under certain conditions, uroporphyrin I can act as a phototoxin, a neurotoxin, and a metabotoxin. A phototoxin leads to cell damage upon exposure to light. A neurotoxin causes damage to nerve cells and nerve tissues. A metabotoxin is an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of porphyrins are associated with porphyrias such as porphyria variegate, acute intermittent porphyria, porphyria cutanea tarda, and hereditary coproporphyria (HCP). There are several types of porphyrias (most are inherited). Hepatic porphyrias are characterized by acute neurological attacks (seizures, psychosis, extreme back and abdominal pain, and an acute polyneuropathy), while the erythropoietic forms present with skin problems (usually a light-sensitive blistering rash and increased hair growth). The neurotoxicity of porphyrins may be due to their selective interactions with tubulin, which disrupt microtubule formation and cause neural malformations (PMID: 3441503 ).
Structure
Synonyms
ValueSource
2,7,12,17-Porphinetetrapropionic acidChEBI
3,8,13,18-Tetrakis(carboxymethyl)porphyrin-2,7,12,17-tetrapropionic acidChEBI
2,7,12,17-PorphinetetrapropionateGenerator
3,8,13,18-Tetrakis(carboxymethyl)porphyrin-2,7,12,17-tetrapropionateGenerator
3,3',3'',3'''-(3,8,13,18-tetrakis-carboxymethyl-21H,23H-porphine-2,7,12,17-tetrayl)-tetrakis-propionateHMDB
3,3',3'',3'''-(3,8,13,18-tetrakis-carboxymethyl-21H,23H-porphine-2,7,12,17-tetrayl)-tetrakis-propionic acidHMDB
3,3',3'',3'''-(3,8,13,18-tetrakis-carboxymethyl-porphyrin-2,7,12,17-tetrayl)-tetra-propionateHMDB
3,3',3'',3'''-(3,8,13,18-tetrakis-carboxymethyl-porphyrin-2,7,12,17-tetrayl)-tetra-propionic acidHMDB
3,8,13,18-Tetrakis(carboxymethyl)porphyrin-2,7,12,17-tetrapropanoateHMDB
3,8,13,18-Tetrakis(carboxymethyl)porphyrin-2,7,12,17-tetrapropanoic acidHMDB
3-[7,12,17-Tris-(2-carboxy-ethyl)-3,8,13,18-tetrakis-carboxymethyl-22,24-dihydro-porphin-2-yl]-propionateHMDB
3-[7,12,17-Tris-(2-carboxy-ethyl)-3,8,13,18-tetrakis-carboxymethyl-22,24-dihydro-porphin-2-yl]-propionic acidHMDB
Molecular FormulaC40H38N4O16
Average Mass830.7469
Monoisotopic Mass830.228281188
IUPAC Name3-[9,14,19-tris(2-carboxyethyl)-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(carboxymethyl)-21,22,23,24-tetraazapentacyclo[16.2.1.1³,⁶.1⁸,¹¹.1¹³,¹⁶]tetracosa-1(21),2,4,6,8(23),9,11,13,15,17,19-undecaen-4-yl]propanoic acid
Traditional Nameuroporphyrin I
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
OC(=O)CCC1=C(CC(O)=O)/C2=C/C3=N/C(=C\C4=C(CCC(O)=O)C(CC(O)=O)=C(N4)/C=C4\N=C(\C=C\1/N\2)C(CC(O)=O)=C4CCC(O)=O)/C(CC(O)=O)=C3CCC(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C40H38N4O16/c45-33(46)5-1-17-21(9-37(53)54)29-14-26-19(3-7-35(49)50)23(11-39(57)58)31(43-26)16-28-20(4-8-36(51)52)24(12-40(59)60)32(44-28)15-27-18(2-6-34(47)48)22(10-38(55)56)30(42-27)13-25(17)41-29/h13-16,41,44H,1-12H2,(H,45,46)(H,47,48)(H,49,50)(H,51,52)(H,53,54)(H,55,56)(H,57,58)(H,59,60)/b25-13-,26-14-,27-15-,28-16-,29-14-,30-13-,31-16-,32-15-
InChI KeyDAFUFNRZWDWXJP-JRHDEHKPSA-N