MiMeDB: Showing metabocard for Raffinose (MMDBc0000229)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Status

Detected and Quantified

Creation Date

2020-10-27 23:40:35 UTC

Update Date

2024-10-17 08:03:04 UTC

Metabolite ID

MMDBc0000229

Metabolite Identification

Common Name

Raffinose

Description

Raffinose is a complex carbohydrate. It is a trisaccharide composed of galactose, fructose, and glucose. It can be found in beans, cabbage, brussels sprouts, broccoli, asparagus, other vegetables, and whole grains. Raffinose is hydrolyzed to D-galactose and sucrose by D-galactosidase (D-GAL). D-GAL also hydrolyzes other D-galactosides such as stachyose, verbascose, and galactinol [1-O-(D-galactosyl)-myoinositol], if present. The enzyme does not cleave linked galactose, as in lactose. Raffinose is also known as melitose and may be thought of as galactose and sucrose connected via an alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkage. Thus, raffinose can be broken down into galactose and sucrose via the enzyme alpha-galactosidase. Human intestines do not contain this enzyme (Wikipedia ). Raffinose is a trisaccharide occurring in Australian manna (from Eucalyptus spp, Myrtaceae) and in cottonseed meal (PubChem).

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
6g-alpha-D-Galactosylsucrose	ChEBI
alpha-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl beta-D-fructofuranoside	ChEBI
alpha-D-Galp-(1->6)-alpha-D-GLCP-(12)-beta-D-fruf	ChEBI
Gossypose	ChEBI
Melitose	ChEBI
Melitriose	ChEBI
Rafinose	ChEBI
Raflinose	ChEBI
6g-a-D-Galactosylsucrose	Generator
6g-Α-D-galactosylsucrose	Generator
a-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-a-D-glucopyranosyl b-D-fructofuranoside	Generator
Α-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-α-D-glucopyranosyl β-D-fructofuranoside	Generator
a-D-Galp-(1->6)-a-D-GLCP-(12)-b-D-fruf	Generator
Α-D-galp-(1->6)-α-D-GLCP-(12)-β-D-fruf	Generator
D-(+)-Raffinose	HMDB
D-Raffinose	HMDB
beta-D-Fructofuranosyl O-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside	HMDB
Β-D-fructofuranosyl O-α-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-α-D-glucopyranoside	HMDB
Raffinose	HMDB

Molecular Formula

C₁₈H₃₂O₁₆

Average Mass

504.4371

Monoisotopic Mass

504.169034976

IUPAC Name

Not Available

Traditional Name

Not Available

CAS Registry Number

512-69-6

SMILES

Not Available

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C18H32O16/c19-1-5-8(22)11(25)13(27)16(31-5)30-3-7-9(23)12(26)14(28)17(32-7)34-18(4-21)15(29)10(24)6(2-20)33-18/h5-17,19-29H,1-4H2/t5-,6-,7-,8+,9-,10-,11+,12+,13-,14-,15+,16+,17-,18+/m1/s1

InChI Key

MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-ZQSKZDJDSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as oligosaccharides. These are carbohydrates made up of 3 to 10 monosaccharide units linked to each other through glycosidic bonds.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic oxygen compounds

Class

Organooxygen compounds

Sub Class

Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates

Direct Parent

Oligosaccharides

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Oligosaccharide
C-glycosyl compound
Glycosyl compound
O-glycosyl compound
Ketal
Oxane
Tetrahydrofuran
Secondary alcohol
Acetal
Oxacycle
Organoheterocyclic compound
Polyol
Alcohol
Primary alcohol
Hydrocarbon derivative
Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

trisaccharide (CHEBI:16634 )
raffinose family oligosaccharide (CHEBI:16634 )

Functional Ontology

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Expected Solid

Predicted Properties

Not Available

Spectra

Not Available

Biological Properties

Cellular Locations

Cytoplasm

Biospecimen Locations

Blood
Feces
Platelet

Tissue Locations

Platelet

Associated OMIM IDs

114500 (Colorectal cancer)
610247 (Eosinophilic esophagitis)

Human Proteins and Enzymes

Protein ID	Protein Name	Protein Type	Uniprot ID	Species
MMDBp0192361	Alpha-galactosidase A	Enzyme	P06280	Homo sapiens

Human Pathways

Pathways

Name	SMPDB/PathBank

Metabolic Reactions

Reactions

Reaction ID	Precursor	Product	Enzyme	Data Source	Reference
MMDBr0007136	Raffinose	D-Galactose	Not Available	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0007137	Raffinose	D-Fructose	Not Available	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0007146	Stachyose	D-Galactose	Not Available	VMH	30371894

Health Effects and Bioactivity

Health Outcome/Bioactivity	Metabolite Response/Effect	Evidence Type	Host and Biospecimen	Data Source	Reference

Microbial Sources

Superkingdom/Kingdom	Phylum	Total species	Hosts and Body Sites	Microbial Links
Bacteria	Firmicutes	379	Human ; Human mucosa; Human supragingival plaque; Human saliva; Human subgingival plaque; Human feces; Human unknown; Human urine; Goat feces; Sheep feces; Human stool; Human vaginal fluid; Human pleural fluid plaque; Pig ; Cattle ; Human sputum	Microbial culture; Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Bacteroidetes	160	Human saliva; Human stool; Human feces; Human ; Human urine; Human gastric fluid; Human subgingival plaque; Human appendix biopsy; Human supragingival plaque; Human mucosa; Human sputum	Microbial culture; Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Spirochaetes	3	Human feces	Microbial culture; Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Actinobacteria	101	Human feces; Human stool; Human ; Human saliva; Human mucosa; Human supragingival plaque; Human pleural fluid plaque; Human dental plaque; Human nasopharyngeal swab; Human subgingival plaque; Human sputum	Microbial culture; Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Proteobacteria	90	Human ; Human sputum; Human subgingival plaque; Human feces; Human feces; pleural fluid plaque; bal; Human stool; Pig ; Human pleural fluid plaque; Human dental plaque; Human nasal swab; Human supragingival plaque	Microbial culture; Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Fusobacteria	7	Human ; Human supragingival plaque; Human subgingival plaque; Human saliva; bal; Human saliva; Human feces	Microbial culture; Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Deinococcus-thermus	1		Microbial culture
Bacteria	Chloroflexi	1		Microbial culture
Eukaryota/Fungi	Ascomycota	1	Human feces; Human saliva	Microbial culture
Bacteria	Verrucomicrobia	1	Human ; Human feces	Metabolic reconstruction
Archaea	Crenarchaeota	2	Human feces	Metabolic reconstruction

Exposure Sources

Source Type	Activity	Data Source	Reference
Cosmetics	Not Available	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency	CompTox
Domestics	Not Available	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency	CompTox
Domestics	Not Available	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency	CompTox
Cosmetics	Not Available	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency	CompTox

Host Biospecimen and Location

Host and Biospecimen	Status	Mean	Std	Units	Age	Sex	Health Condition	Data Source	Reference
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified							HMDB
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	4.8	5.4	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 130. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp. Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Human Platelet	Detected but not Quantified				Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified				Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	28701177

External Links

HMDB ID

HMDB0003213

DrugBank ID

Not Available

Phenol Explorer Compound ID

Not Available

FooDB ID

Not Available

KNApSAcK ID

Chemspider ID

KEGG Compound ID

BioCyc ID

BiGG ID

Not Available

Wikipedia Link

Raffinose

METLIN ID

Not Available

PubChem Compound

439242

PDB ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

16634

Food Biomarker Ontology

Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

General References

Gundermann KJ, Lie TS: Problems of competition in charcoal hemoperfusion for the treatment of intoxications. Artif Organs. 1979 Nov;3(4):346-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.1979.tb01075.x. [PubMed:533425 ]
Gross KC, Houghton MP, Senterfit LB: Presumptive speciation of Streptococcus bovis and other group D streptococci from human sources by using arginine and pyruvate tests. J Clin Microbiol. 1975 Jan;1(1):54-60. doi: 10.1128/jcm.1.1.54-60.1975. [PubMed:1176592 ]
Persson AE, Schnermann J, Agerup B, Eriksson NE: The hydraulic conductivity of the rat proximal tubular wall determined with colloidal solutions. Pflugers Arch. 1975 Oct 16;360(1):25-44. doi: 10.1007/BF00584324. [PubMed:1237863 ]
Lobley RW, Burrows PC, Warwick R, Dawson DJ, Holmes R: Simultaneous assessment of intestinal permeability and lactose tolerance with orally administered raffinose, lactose and L-arabinose. Clin Sci (Lond). 1990 Aug;79(2):175-83. doi: 10.1042/cs0790175. [PubMed:2167807 ]
Horodniceanu T, Delbos F: [Group D streptococci in human infections: identification and sensitivity to antibiotics (author's transl)]. Ann Microbiol (Paris). 1980 Sep-Oct;131B(2):131-44. [PubMed:7458116 ]
Xue S, Paterson W, Valdez D, Miller D, Christoff B, Wong LT, Diamant NE: Effect of an o-raffinose cross-linked haemoglobin product on oesophageal and lower oesophageal sphincter motor function. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 1999 Dec;11(6):421-30. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2982.1999.00171.x. [PubMed:10583849 ]
Lieberthal W, Fuhro R, Alam H, Rhee P, Szebeni J, Hechtman HB, Favuzza J, Veech RL, Valeri CR: Comparison of the effects of a 50% exchange-transfusion with albumin, hetastarch, and modified hemoglobin solutions. Shock. 2002 Jan;17(1):61-9. doi: 10.1097/00024382-200201000-00011. [PubMed:11795671 ]
Toussaint M, Latger-Cannard V, Caron A, Lecompte T, Vigneron C, Menu P: Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers do not alter platelet functions: study of three chemically modified hemoglobin solutions. Intensive Care Med. 2003 Jan;29(1):62-8. doi: 10.1007/s00134-002-1558-1. Epub 2002 Nov 30. [PubMed:12528024 ]
Hessels J, Snoeyink EJ, Platenkamp AJ, Voortman G, Steggink J, Eidhof HH: Assessment of intestinal permeability: enzymatic determination of urinary mannitol, raffinose, sucrose and lactose on Hitachi analyzer. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2003 Jan;41(1):33-8. doi: 10.1515/CCLM.2003.007. [PubMed:12636047 ]
Rodrigues Silva C, Dutra de Oliveira JE, de Souza RA, Silva HC: Effect of a rice bran fiber diet on serum glucose levels of diabetic patients in Brazil. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2005 Mar;55(1):23-7. [PubMed:16187674 ]

Showing metabocard for Raffinose (MMDBc0000229)

MOL for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb0eaeb988>

3D MOL for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb0eaeb988>

3D SDF for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb0eaeb988>

3D-SDF for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb0eaeb988>

PDB for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb0eaeb988>

3D PDB for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb0eaeb988>

SMILES for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb0eaeb988>

INCHI for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb0eaeb988>

Structure for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb0eaeb988>

3D Structure for #<Metabolite:0x00007fdb0eaeb988>