MiMeDB: Showing metabocard for Citrulline (MMDBc0000378)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Status

Detected and Quantified

Creation Date

2020-12-10 18:36:27 UTC

Update Date

2022-08-31 06:02:54 UTC

Metabolite ID

MMDBc0000378

Metabolite Identification

Common Name

Citrulline

Description

Citrulline, also known as Cit or δ-ureidonorvaline, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom. Citrulline has the formula H2NC(O)NH(CH2)3CH(NH2)CO2H. Citrulline exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Within humans, citrulline participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, citrulline can be biosynthesized from carbamoyl phosphate and ornithine which is catalyzed by the enzyme ornithine carbamoyltransferase. In addition, citrulline and L-aspartic acid can be converted into argininosuccinic acid through the action of the enzyme argininosuccinate synthase. In humans, citrulline is involved in the metabolic disorder called argininemia. Citrulline has also been found to be associated with several diseases such as ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and citrullinemia type II. Citrulline has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including argininosuccinic aciduria and fumarase deficiency. Outside of the human body, citrulline is found, on average, in the highest concentration in a few different foods such as wheats, oats, and cucumbers and in a lower concentration in swiss chards, yellow wax beans, and potato. Citrulline has also been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as epazotes, lotus, common buckwheats, strawberry guava, and italian sweet red peppers. Citrulline is a potentially toxic compound. Proteins that normally contain citrulline residues include myelin basic protein (MBP), filaggrin, and several histone proteins, whereas other proteins, such as fibrin and vimentin are susceptible to citrullination during cell death and tissue inflammation. Citrulline is also produced as a byproduct of the enzymatic production of nitric oxide from the amino acid arginine, catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase. It is also produced from arginine as a byproduct of the reaction catalyzed by NOS family (NOS; EC1.14.13.39).

Structure

MOL 3D MOL SDF 3D SDF PDB 3D PDB SMILES InChI

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 04-SEP-20   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    NULL                                                        
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   04-SEP-20         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0      -1.334   0.428   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  N   UNK     0      -2.667  -0.342   0.000  0.00  0.00           N+0
HETATM    3  C   UNK     0      -4.001   0.428   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    4  C   UNK     0       4.001   0.428   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    5  C   UNK     0       2.667  -0.342   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    6  N   UNK     0      -5.335  -0.342   0.000  0.00  0.00           N+0
HETATM    7  C   UNK     0       1.334   0.428   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    8  C   UNK     0       0.000  -0.342   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    9  O   UNK     0       5.335  -0.342   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   10  O   UNK     0      -4.001   1.968   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   11  O   UNK     0       4.001   1.968   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   12  N   UNK     0       2.667  -1.882   0.000  0.00  0.00           N+0
CONECT    1    2    8                                                       
CONECT    2    1    3                                                       
CONECT    3    2   10    6                                                  
CONECT    4   11    5    9                                                  
CONECT    5    4   12    7                                                  
CONECT    6    3                                                            
CONECT    7    5    8                                                       
CONECT    8    1    7                                                       
CONECT    9    4                                                            
CONECT   10    3                                                            
CONECT   11    4                                                            
CONECT   12    5                                                            
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0   12    0   22    0
END

Synonyms

Value	Source
(S)-2-Amino-5-ureidopentanoic acid	ChEBI
2-Amino-5-ureidovaleric acid	ChEBI
alpha-Amino-delta-ureidovaleric acid	ChEBI
Cit	ChEBI
delta-Ureidonorvaline	ChEBI
L-2-Amino-5-ureidovaleric acid	ChEBI
N(5)-(Aminocarbonyl)-L-ornithine	ChEBI
N5-(Aminocarbonyl)ornithine	ChEBI
N5-Carbamoylornithine	ChEBI
N(delta)-Carbamylornithine	ChEBI
(S)-2-Amino-5-ureidopentanoate	Generator
2-Amino-5-ureidovalerate	Generator
a-Amino-delta-ureidovalerate	Generator
a-Amino-delta-ureidovaleric acid	Generator
alpha-Amino-delta-ureidovalerate	Generator
Α-amino-δ-ureidovalerate	Generator
Α-amino-δ-ureidovaleric acid	Generator
Δ-ureidonorvaline	Generator
L-2-Amino-5-ureidovalerate	Generator
N(Δ)-carbamylornithine	Generator
a-Amino-δ-ureidovalerate	HMDB
a-Amino-δ-ureidovaleric acid	HMDB
(2S)-2-Amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoate	HMDB
(2S)-2-Amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoic acid	HMDB
(S)-2-Amino-5-(aminocarbonyl)aminopentanoate	HMDB
(S)-2-Amino-5-(aminocarbonyl)aminopentanoic acid	HMDB
2-Amino-5-uredovalerate	HMDB
2-Amino-5-uredovaleric acid	HMDB
a-Amino-D-ureidovalerate	HMDB
a-Amino-D-ureidovaleric acid	HMDB
alpha-Amino-gamma-ureidovalerate	HMDB
alpha-Amino-gamma-ureidovaleric acid	HMDB
Amino-ureidovalerate	HMDB
Amino-ureidovaleric acid	HMDB
CIR	HMDB
Cytrulline	HMDB
D-Ureidonorvaline	HMDB
DL-Citrulline	HMDB
Gammaureidonorvaline	HMDB
H-Cit-OH	HMDB
L(+)-2-Amino-5-ureidovalerate	HMDB
L(+)-2-Amino-5-ureidovaleric acid	HMDB
L(+)-Citrulline	HMDB
L-2-Amino-5-ureido-valerate	HMDB
L-2-Amino-5-ureido-valeric acid	HMDB
L-Citrulline	HMDB
L-Cytrulline	HMDB
L-N5-Carbamoyl-ornithine	HMDB
N()-Carbamylornithine	HMDB
N(5)-(Aminocarbonyl)-DL-ornithine	HMDB
N-Carbamylornithine	HMDB
N5-(Aminocarbonyl)-L-ornithine	HMDB
N5-(Aminocarbonyl)-ornithine	HMDB
N5-Carbamoyl-L-ornithine	HMDB
N5-Carbamylornithine	HMDB
ND-Carbamylornithine	HMDB
Ndelta-carbamy-ornithine	HMDB
Ndelta-carbamylornithine	HMDB
Ngamma-carbamylornithine	HMDB
Sitrulline	HMDB
Ureidonorvaline	HMDB
Ureidovalerate	HMDB
Ureidovaleric acid	HMDB

Molecular Formula

C₆H₁₃N₃O₃

Average Mass

175.1857

Monoisotopic Mass

175.095691297

IUPAC Name

(2S)-2-amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoic acid

Traditional Name

L-citrulline

CAS Registry Number

Not Available

SMILES

N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=O)C(O)=O

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C6H13N3O3/c7-4(5(10)11)2-1-3-9-6(8)12/h4H,1-3,7H2,(H,10,11)(H3,8,9,12)/t4-/m0/s1

InChI Key

RHGKLRLOHDJJDR-BYPYZUCNSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic acids and derivatives

Class

Carboxylic acids and derivatives

Sub Class

Amino acids, peptides, and analogues

Direct Parent

L-alpha-amino acids

Alternative Parents

Substituents

L-alpha-amino acid
Fatty acid
Isourea
Amino acid
Carboximidic acid derivative
Carboxylic acid
Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
Carboximidamide
Amine
Hydrocarbon derivative
Primary amine
Organooxygen compound
Organonitrogen compound
Organic oxide
Primary aliphatic amine
Organopnictogen compound
Imine
Organic oxygen compound
Organic nitrogen compound
Carbonyl group
Aliphatic acyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic acyclic compounds

External Descriptors

citrulline (CHEBI:16349 )
Other amino acids (C00327 )

Functional Ontology

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Expected Solid

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	21.8 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	-3.3	ALOGPS
logP	-3.9	ChemAxon
logS	-0.9	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	2.27	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	9.23	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	4	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	4	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	118.44 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	5	ChemAxon
Refractivity	41.33 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	17.35 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	View
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0a4i-0920000000-2d92b63cd5d9648023b8	2014-06-16	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (3 TMS)	splash10-00di-9610000000-2e7cd23afc2adcef35a3	2014-06-16	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0a4i-0920000000-2d92b63cd5d9648023b8	2017-09-12	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)	splash10-00di-9610000000-2e7cd23afc2adcef35a3	2017-09-12	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-007o-9100000000-1f8dd2c6648b104639c7	2016-09-22	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-00dl-9410000000-37909012a777213f8566	2017-10-06	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-10-12	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-10-12	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-06	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-06	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_4) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-06	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-06	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-06	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-06	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_4) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-06	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-4c1d7af748a47e489949	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-00di-9000000000-988fced362fc0da157c9	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-00di-9000000000-0818e0e8bcee12692498	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-004j-0900000000-5fa8a338dcd2f2a6bdd2	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-004i-0900000000-16763200aa07f7629ad4	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-03di-3900000000-d9cfc5187aa799f6f978	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-10ee9a593e13550bec1c	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-004i-0900000000-45d272576af34c9512a3	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-014i-3900000000-6177a284fdea5a3f1306	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-d9456d45e2dbd7a3df10	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positive	splash10-004i-0900000000-ada57cdc73bda93be483	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-008a-0904000000-23fbe48f82e515087d68	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-03di-5900000000-78afcbaf8b8b3eabf174	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-001i-0900000000-8fb191d4c20fd54b9282	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-00di-0900000000-da484f0362a8dca5127e	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative	splash10-00e9-0900000000-46229b4f77feabb3f857	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative	splash10-001i-0900000000-4aca1022c393602a297d	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative	splash10-001i-0900000000-3bc2eff2e907b7734cc8	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative	splash10-001i-3900000000-2613bf40e3be814da86f	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative	splash10-0006-9300000000-e83287bbc060eb9cf6f3	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positive	splash10-056r-0900000000-694a8872bdfd7eec1f2b	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positive	splash10-08fr-2900000000-15b4711991ea9985fb2b	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positive	splash10-00di-9300000000-915fbb73e0b728420e4a	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positive	splash10-00di-9000000000-67e60567f5c062728350	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positive	splash10-00di-9000000000-25140713431edd7c5eea	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 125 MHz, H₂O, experimental)		2012-12-04	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H₂O, experimental)		2012-12-04	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, D₂O, experimental)		2016-10-22	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D₂O, predicted)		2021-09-24	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H₂O, experimental)		2021-10-10	View Spectrum
2D NMR	[¹H, ¹H]-TOCSY. Unexported temporarily by An Chi on Oct 15, 2021 until json or nmrML file is generated. 2D NMR Spectrum (experimental)		2012-12-04	View Spectrum
2D NMR	[¹H, ¹³C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H₂O, experimental)		2012-12-05	View Spectrum

Biological Properties

Cellular Locations

Mitochondria

Biospecimen Locations

Bladder
Blood
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Epidermis
Feces
Fibroblasts
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Neuron
Placenta
Platelet
Prostate
Saliva
Sweat
Urine

Tissue Locations

Bladder
Epidermis
Fibroblasts
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Neuron
Placenta
Platelet
Prostate

Associated OMIM IDs

114500 (Colorectal cancer)
610247 (Eosinophilic esophagitis)

Human Proteins and Enzymes

Protein ID	Protein Name	Protein Type	Uniprot ID	Species
MMDBp0192297	Argininosuccinate synthase	Enzyme	P00966	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0192308	Protein-arginine deiminase type-6	Unknown	Q6TGC4	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0192312	Protein-arginine deiminase type-4	Unknown	Q9UM07	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0192316	Protein-arginine deiminase type-3	Unknown	Q9ULW8	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0192323	Protein-arginine deiminase type-2	Unknown	Q9Y2J8	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0192326	Protein-arginine deiminase type-1	Unknown	Q9ULC6	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0192389	N(G),N(G)-dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1	Unknown	O94760	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0192390	N(G),N(G)-dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2	Enzyme	O95865	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0192544	Nitric oxide synthase, inducible	Unknown	P35228	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0192545	Ornithine carbamoyltransferase, mitochondrial	Enzyme	P00480	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0192546	Nitric oxide synthase, brain	Unknown	P29475	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0192547	Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial	Unknown	P29474	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0195860	Argininosuccinate synthase	Enzyme	Q5T6L4	Homo sapiens
MMDBp0196205	NOS1 mutant	Enzyme	B3VK56	Homo sapiens

Human Pathways

Pathways

Name	SMPDB/PathBank
Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway
Immunometabolism Pathway (Bacterial Activation)
Immunometabolism Pathway (Viral Activation)
Viral Sepsis

Metabolic Reactions

Reaction ID	Precursor	Product	Enzyme	Reaction Type	Data Source	Reference
MMDBr0000332	L-Aspartic acid	Adenosine monophosphate	Not Available	Argininosuccinate Synthase	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0000490	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; ornithine transporter) member 15	Citrulline Mitochondrial Transport via Proton Antiport	VMH	14598172
MMDBr0001771	NADPH	Citrulline	Nitric oxide synthase 1 (neuronal)	Nitric Oxide Synthase (No Forming)	VMH	7545544 7558036
MMDBr0001815	Carbamoylphosphate	Citrulline	Ornithine carbamoyltransferase	Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase, Irreversible	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0001834	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; ornithine transporter) member 15	Ornithine Mitochondrial Transport Exchange with Citruline	VMH	14598172
MMDBr0002439	NADPH	Citrulline	Nitric oxide synthase 1 (neuronal)	N- (Omega)-Hydroxyarginine, NADPH:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (Nitric-Oxide-Forming)	VMH	11125020 7515853
MMDBr0002466	L-Arginine	Citrulline	Nitric oxide synthase 1 (neuronal)	L-Arginine, NADPH:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (Nitric-Oxide-Forming)	VMH	11125020 7515853
MMDBr0002727	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system), member 2	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.3.2	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0002777	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0002778	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; ornithine transporter) member 2	Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.19.1	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003123	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003125	L-Arginine	L-Arginine	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003127	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003342	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003347	L-Alanine	L-Alanine	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003352	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003356	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003361	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003366	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003371	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003376	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003381	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003386	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003391	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003396	L-Asparagine	L-Asparagine	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003401	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003406	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003411	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003416	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+l system), member 6	Y+Lat2 Utilized Transport	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003479	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003480	L-Alanine	L-Alanine	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003481	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003482	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003483	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003484	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003485	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003486	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003487	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003488	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003489	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003490	L-Asparagine	L-Asparagine	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003491	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003492	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003493	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003494	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, bo,+ system), member 9	Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15	VMH	14770309 14770310
MMDBr0003752	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; ornithine transporter) member 2	Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.19.1	VMH	14598172
MMDBr0003756	L-Arginine	L-Arginine	Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; ornithine transporter) member 2	Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.19.1	VMH	14598172
MMDBr0003763	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; ornithine transporter) member 2	Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.19.1	VMH	14598172
MMDBr0003764	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; ornithine transporter) member 2	Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.19.1	VMH	14598172
MMDBr0003765	L-Arginine	L-Arginine	Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; ornithine transporter) member 2	Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.19.1	VMH	14598172
MMDBr0003766	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; ornithine transporter) member 2	Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.19.1	VMH	14598172
MMDBr0003767	Citrulline	Citrulline	Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; ornithine transporter) member 2	Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.19.1	VMH	14598172
MMDBr0005576	Citrulline	Citrulline	Not Available	Transport of Citrate	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0007051	L-Aspartic acid	Adenosine monophosphate	Not Available	Argininosuccinate synthase, reversible	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0007129	Carbamoylphosphate	Citrulline	Not Available	Ornithine carbamoyltransferase	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0007721	L-Arginine	Citrulline	Not Available	Arginine deiminase	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0008371	Asymmetric dimethylarginine	Citrulline	Not Available	NG,NG-Dimethyl-L-arginine dimethylamidohydrolase	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0008403	NADPH	Citrulline	Not Available	N-(omega)-Hydroxyarginine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (nitric-oxide-forming)	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0010260	L-Arginine	Citrulline	Not Available	Arginine Deiminase	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0010603	Citrulline	Citrulline	Sideroflexin 3	HMR_7759	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0010689	Asymmetric dimethylarginine	Citrulline	Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1	Nomega, Nomega'-Dimethyl-L-Arginine Dimethylamidohydrolase	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0010760	Water	Citrulline	Not Available	HMR_9735	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0010847	Citrulline	Carbon dioxide	Not Available	L Citrulline N5 carbamoyldihydrolase	VMH	30371894
MMDBr0012954	Adenosine triphosphate	Argininosuccinic acid	Argininosuccinate synthase	Synthesis	RHEA	34755880
MMDBr0012955	Adenosine triphosphate	Argininosuccinic acid	Argininosuccinate synthase	Synthesis	RHEA	34755880
MMDBr0013641	Water	Dimethylamine	N(G),N(G)-dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase	Hydrolysis of bond	RHEA	34755880
MMDBr0013886	Carbamoylphosphate	Hydrogen Ion	Ornithine carbamoyltransferase	Transfer of a carbamoyl group	RHEA	34755880
MMDBr0013887	Carbamoylphosphate	Hydrogen Ion	Ornithine carbamoyltransferase, mitochondrial	Transfer of a carbamoyl group	RHEA	34755880
MMDBr0013901	Water	Citrulline	Arginine deiminase	Hydrolysis of l-arginine to citrulline and ammonium ion	RHEA	34755880
MMDBr0016586	L-Arginine	Hydrogen Ion	Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase	Oxygenation	RHEA	34755880
MMDBr0017099	Water	Acetic acid	N-acetyl-L-citrulline deacetylase	Deacetylation	RHEA	34755880
MMDBr0017100	Water	Acetic acid	N-acetyl-L-citrulline deacetylase	Deacetylation	RHEA	34755880
MMDBr0018111	L-Aspartic acid	Argininosuccinic acid	Argininosuccinate synthase	Synthesis	PathBank	31602464
MMDBr0018129	Ornithine	Hydrogen Ion	Ornithine carbamoyltransferase subunit I	Transfer of a carbamoyl group	PathBank	31602464

Health Effects and Bioactivity

Health Outcome/Bioactivity	Metabolite Response/Effect	Evidence Type	Host and Biospecimen	Data Source	Reference
Alzheimer's disease	Slight Increase	Association	Human Saliva	HMDB	23857558
Alzheimer's disease	Increased	Association	Human Urine	HMDB	17031479
Alzheimer's disease	Increased	Association	Human Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	HMDB	17031479
Alzheimer's disease		Association	Human Blood	HMDB	17031479
Argininosuccinic aciduria	Increased	Association	Human Blood	HMDB	12408190
Citrullinemia type i	Increased	Association	Human Blood	HMDB	28132756
Epilepsy	Decreased	Association	Human Blood	HMDB	14992292
Frontotemporal dementia	Slight Increase	Association	Human Saliva	HMDB	23857558
Fumarase deficiency	Increased	Association	Human Blood	HMDB	20549362
Fumarase deficiency	Increased	Association	Human Urine	HMDB	20549362
Intestinal failure	Decreased	Association	Human Blood	HMDB	11113071
N-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency		Association	Human Blood	HMDB	7623444
Schizophrenia		Association	Human Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	HMDB	7595563
Eosinophilic esophagitis	Decreased	Association	Human Urine	HMDB	Slae, M., Huynh, H., Wishart, D.S. (2014). Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work)
Eosinophilic esophagitis	Slight Decrease	Association	Human Urine	HMDB	Slae, M., Huynh, H., Wishart, D.S. (2014). Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work)
Argininosuccinic aciduria		Association	Human Blood	HMDB	MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de)
Argininosuccinic aciduria		Association	Human Blood	HMDB	MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de)

Microbial Sources

Superkingdom/Kingdom	Phylum	Total species	Hosts and Body Sites	Microbial Links
Bacteria	Bacteroidetes	123	Human appendix biopsy; Human feces; Human ; Human stool; Human saliva; Human gastric fluid; Human urine; Human supragingival plaque; Human subgingival plaque	Indirect association between microbiota composition and metabolites measured in host biospecimen; Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Firmicutes	501	Human feces; Human ; Human supragingival plaque; Human saliva; Human urine; Human sputum; Pig ; Human subgingival plaque; Human mucosa; Cattle ; Human stool; Catfish	Indirect association between microbiota composition and metabolites measured in host biospecimen; Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Proteobacteria	504	Human feces; Human sputum; Human ; Human unknown; Pig ; Human pleural fluid plaque; Human dental plaque; Human nasal swab; Human stool; Human feces; pleural fluid plaque; bal; Cattle ; River trout ; Rat ; Sheep ; Dog ; Chicken ; Turkey ; Human supragingival plaque; Human subgingival plaque; Human saliva; Human mucosa	Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Actinobacteria	177	Human feces; Human sputum; Human bronchial brush; Human nasopharyngeal swab; Human pleural fluid plaque; Human dental plaque; Human ; Human supragingival plaque; Human mucosa; Human subgingival plaque; Human saliva; Cattle	Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Verrucomicrobia	1	Human ; Human feces	Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Synergistetes	4	Human feces	Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Spirochaetes	17	Human feces; Pig ; Human ; Relapsing fever tick	Metabolic reconstruction
Archaea	Thaumarchaeota	1		Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Fusobacteria	16	Human feces; Human	Metabolic reconstruction
Archaea	Euryarchaeota	7		Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Tenericutes	11	Human feces; Human ; Goat	Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Planctomycetes	2	Human feces	Metabolic reconstruction
Archaea	Crenarchaeota	1		Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Cyanobacteria	34	Human
Bacteria	Acidobacteria	3
Bacteria	Aquificae	1
Archaea/Archaea	Euryarchaeota	28		Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Chlorobi	10
Bacteria	Chloroflexi	5
Bacteria	Deinococcus-thermus	5
Bacteria/NULL	Proteobacteria	3	Human feces; Human sputum; Human ; Human unknown; Pig ; Human pleural fluid plaque; Human dental plaque; Human nasal swab; Human stool; Human feces; pleural fluid plaque; bal; Cattle ; River trout ; Rat ; Sheep ; Dog ; Chicken ; Turkey ; Human supragingival plaque; Human subgingival plaque; Human saliva; Human mucosa	Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Dictyoglomi	2
Bacteria	Elusimicrobia	1
Bacteria	Gemmatimonadetes	1
Bacteria/NULL	Firmicutes	1	Human feces; Human ; Human supragingival plaque; Human saliva; Human urine; Human sputum; Pig ; Human subgingival plaque; Human mucosa; Cattle ; Human stool; Catfish	Indirect association between microbiota composition and metabolites measured in host biospecimen; Metabolic reconstruction
Archaea/Archaea	Crenarchaeota	10		Metabolic reconstruction
Bacteria	Thermotogae	5
Eukaryota/Fungi	Ascomycota	9	Human feces; Human saliva	Unknown
Bacteria	nah	1
Archaea/Archaea	Thaumarchaeota	1		Metabolic reconstruction
Eukaryota/Fungi	Basidiomycota	1

Exposure Sources

Source Type	Source Sub-type	Species	Data Source	Reference

Host Biospecimen and Location

Host and Biospecimen	Status	Mean	Std	Min	Max	Units	Age	Sex	Health Condition	Data Source	Reference
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified									HMDB
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	17.64	10.31			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Alzheimer's disease	HMDB	23857558
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	21.0	2.8			umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Alzheimer's disease	HMDB	17031479
Human Cerebrospinal fluid (csf)	Detected and Quantified	27.0	2.6			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Alzheimer's disease	HMDB	17031479
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	94.97	11.18			uM	Elderly (>65 years old)	Both	Alzheimer's disease	HMDB	17031479
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	284				uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Male	Argininosuccinic aciduria (ASL)	HMDB	12408190
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			152	2752	uM	Children (1 - 13 years old)	Both	Citrullinemia Type I	HMDB	28132756
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			86	1542	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Citrullinemia type II, adult-onset	HMDB	18620775
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			286	485	uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Both	Citrullinemia type II, neonatal-onset	HMDB	11281457
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	6	5			uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Both	Cutis laxa, autosomal recessive, type IIIA	HMDB	11092761
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	25.4		23.4	27.4	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Acute seizures	HMDB	14992292
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	26.8		25.4	28.2	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Epilepsy	HMDB	14992292
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	26.9		25.2	28.6	uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Both	Epilepsy	HMDB	14992292
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	17.48	14.00			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Frontotemporal lobe dementia	HMDB	23857558
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	181				uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Male	Fumaric aciduria	HMDB	20549362
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified			63.800	549.400	umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Not Specified	Fumaric aciduria	HMDB	20549362
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	13.0		6.0	20.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Permanent intestinal failure	HMDB	11113071
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	14.67	10.99			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Lewy body disease	HMDB	23857558
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	13				uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Male	Narp Syndrome	HMDB	9950309
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			3	5	uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Male	Narp Syndrome	HMDB	9950309
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			0	19	uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Narp Syndrome	HMDB	9950309
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			0	7	uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Male	N-Acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency	HMDB	7623444
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			13	23	uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Male	N-Acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency	HMDB	7623444
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	2				uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Female	Pearson Syndrome	HMDB	25691415
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	15				uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Male	Pearson Syndrome	HMDB	25691415
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	28		0	275	uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Female	Pearson Syndrome	HMDB	25691415
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	5				uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Male	Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase Deficiency 1, Cytosolic	HMDB	26971250
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			6	21	uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Both	Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase Deficiency 1, Cytosolic	HMDB	28216384
Human Cerebrospinal fluid (csf)	Detected and Quantified	5.38	0.94			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Schizophrenia	HMDB	7595563
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.19				umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	19309105
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	26				uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	11092761
Human Sweat	Detected and Quantified	< 10				uM	Adult (60 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22194922
Human Sweat	Detected and Quantified	< 10				uM	Adult (40 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22194922
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	<43				uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	18620775
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified			0	10	umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	30830347
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified			0	16.507	umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	20549362
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.24	0.23			umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	15992788
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.8		0.2	1.7	umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	24023812
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			10	45	uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	20549362
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			10	50	uM	Children (1 - 13 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	28132756
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			10	60	uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	25691415
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			10	60	uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	25691415
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	16	5			uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	7623444
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			19	33	uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	9950309
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			19	51	uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	12408190
Human Cerebrospinal fluid (csf)	Detected and Quantified	2.62		1.35	3.89	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	12834252
Human Cerebrospinal fluid (csf)	Detected and Quantified	2.8	1.0			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	6198473
Human Cerebrospinal fluid (csf)	Detected and Quantified	2.8	1.8			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	6198473
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	20.4		16.7	26.3	uM	Children (1-13 uears old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	27294788
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	21.48	16.96			umol/mmol creatinine	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	19468821
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	25.30	19.00			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	23857558
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	29.8	7.91			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	28278231
Human Feces	Detected and Quantified	340	270			nmol/g wet feces	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	27624970
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	38.0		30.0	46.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	10095827
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	38.0		30.0	46.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	10708381
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	38.0		30.0	46.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	11113071
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	38.0		30.0	46.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	11774119
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	38.0		30.0	46.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	12116302
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	38.0		30.0	46.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	12297216
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	38.0		30.0	46.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	12297216
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	38.0		30.0	46.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	12834252
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	38.0		30.0	46.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	14680976
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	38.0		30.0	46.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	14744923
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	38.0		30.0	46.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	14992292
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	38.0		30.0	46.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	15902549
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	38.0		30.0	46.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	15921697
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	40.70	30.53			umol/mmol creatinine	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	19468821
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			5	37	uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	11281457
Human Cerebrospinal fluid (csf)	Detected and Quantified	5.81	1.23			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	7595563
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	6.8	4.1			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	21164041
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	7.91	7.91			umol/mmol creatinine	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	19468821
Human Feces	Detected and Quantified	70	50			nmol/g wet feces	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	27624970
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			8	47	uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	26971250
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	8.1	0.94			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	21164041
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	8.1	1.4			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	21164041
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	9.2	2.1			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	21164041
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	1.2423	1.4785			umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1 - 13 years old)	Not Specified	Eosinophilic esophagitis	HMDB	Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work)
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	11.851	17.07			umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1 - 13 years old)	Not Specified	Eosinophilic esophagitis	HMDB	Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work)
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	200.0		100.0	300.0	uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Both	Argininosuccinic aciduria (ASL)	HMDB	MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de)
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	27.5		10.0	45.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Argininosuccinic aciduria	HMDB	MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de)
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	1.4114	1.0599			umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1 - 13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work)
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	28.753	22.885			umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1 - 13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work)
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified			0	10.97	umol/mmol creatinine	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	BC Children's Hospital Biochemical Genetics Lab
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified			0	3.96	umol/mmol creatinine	Adolescent (13 - 21 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	BC Children's Hospital Biochemical Genetics Lab
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified			0	3.96	umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>21 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	BC Children's Hospital Biochemical Genetics Lab
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified			0	4.97	umol/mmol creatinine	Children (4 - 13 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	BC Children's Hospital Biochemical Genetics Lab
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified			0	5.99	umol/mmol creatinine	Children (2 - 4 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	BC Children's Hospital Biochemical Genetics Lab
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified			0	7.01	umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1 - 2 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	BC Children's Hospital Biochemical Genetics Lab
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified			0	8.03	umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (6 months - <1 year old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	BC Children's Hospital Biochemical Genetics Lab
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified			0	9.95	umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (1 - 6 months old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	BC Children's Hospital Biochemical Genetics Lab
Human Cerebrospinal fluid (csf)	Detected and Quantified			0	4.4	uM	Children (0 - 10 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	BC Children's Hospital Biochemical Genetics Lab
Human Cerebrospinal fluid (csf)	Detected and Quantified			0	4.5	uM	Adolescent (>11 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	BC Children's Hospital Biochemical Genetics Lab
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			10	70	uM	Children (6 - 18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	BC Children's Hospital Biochemical Genetics Lab
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			6	40	uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	BC Children's Hospital Biochemical Genetics Lab
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			6	60	uM	Infant (1 - 3 months old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	BC Children's Hospital Biochemical Genetics Lab
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			8	70	uM	Children (3 months - 6 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	BC Children's Hospital Biochemical Genetics Lab
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified			0.00	74.25	umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	David F. Putnam Composition and Concentrative Properties of Human Urine. NASA Contractor Report. July 1971
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.50	0.54			umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1-13 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 130. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp. Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.99	0.69			umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 130. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp. Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	1.1	0.84			umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 130. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp. Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Human Cerebrospinal fluid (csf)	Detected and Quantified	1.5	0.5			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 130. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp. Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	31	8			uM	Children (1 - 13 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 130. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp. Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	35	10			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 130. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp. Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	35.0	10.0			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 130. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp. Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	36.0	8.0			uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 130. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp. Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	37	9			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 130. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp. Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified	37.0	9.0			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 130. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp. Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	26.2	33.1			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	Sugimoto et al. (2013) Physiological and environmental parameters associated with mass spectrometry-based salivary metabolomic profiles.
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	4.61	2.82			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	HMDB	Sugimoto et al. (2013) Physiological and environmental parameters associated with mass spectrometry-based salivary metabolomic profiles.
Human Saliva	Detected and Quantified	51.82	64.25			uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	Zerihun T. Dame, Farid Aziat, Rupasri Mandal, Ram Krishnamurthy, Souhaila Bouatra, Shima Borzouie, An Chi Guo, Tanvir Sajed, Lu Deng, Hong Lin, Philip Liu, Edison Dong, David S. Wishart "The human saliva metabolome" Metabolomics (2015) DOI 10.1007/s11306-015-0840-5
Human Blood	Detected and Quantified			15.0	45.0	uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	Molecular You (https://molecularyou.com)
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	<1.018				umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	Mayo Clinic (https://neurology.testcatalog.org/show/AAPD)
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	<1.36				umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	Mayo Clinic (https://neurology.testcatalog.org/show/AAPD)
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	<1.58				umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	Mayo Clinic (https://neurology.testcatalog.org/show/AAPD)
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	<1.58				umol/mmol creatinine	Adolescent (13-18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	Mayo Clinic (https://neurology.testcatalog.org/show/AAPD)
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	<6.45				umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	Mayo Clinic (https://neurology.testcatalog.org/show/AAPD)
Human Urine	Detected and Quantified	<8.14				umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	Mayo Clinic (https://neurology.testcatalog.org/show/AAPD)
Human Bladder	Detected but not Quantified						Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Epidermis	Detected but not Quantified						Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Fibroblasts	Detected but not Quantified						Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Intestine	Detected but not Quantified						Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Kidney	Detected but not Quantified						Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Liver	Detected but not Quantified						Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Neuron	Detected but not Quantified						Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Placenta	Detected but not Quantified						Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Platelet	Detected but not Quantified						Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Prostate	Detected but not Quantified						Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	34986597
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	20300169
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Saliva	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	22308371
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified						Children (6 - 18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	HMDB	27609529
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	HMDB	28270806
Human Urine	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	25733631
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	27543620
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	25037050
Human Feces	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	29808030
Human Urine	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	32966057
Human Blood	Detected but not Quantified						Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	HMDB	32966057

External Links

HMDB ID

HMDB0000904

DrugBank ID

DB00155

Phenol Explorer Compound ID

Not Available

FooDB ID

KNApSAcK ID

Chemspider ID

KEGG Compound ID

BioCyc ID

BiGG ID

Wikipedia Link

METLIN ID

PubChem Compound

9750

PDB ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

16349

Food Biomarker Ontology

Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

General References

McLaurin J, Moscarello MA: The preparation of antibodies reactive against citrulline-containing charge isomers of myelin basic protein but not against the arginine-containing charge isomers. Anal Biochem. 1990 Dec;191(2):272-7. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(90)90219-y. [PubMed:1707596 ]
Booth FA, Haworth JC, Dilling LA, Perry TL, Greenberg CR, Seargeant LE, Penn AM, Rhead WJ: Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with associated aminoacidopathy in a male sibship. J Pediatr. 1989 Jul;115(1):81-8. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(89)80333-6. [PubMed:2738799 ]
Liappis N, Pohl B, Weber HP, el-Karkani H: [Free amino acids in the saliva of children with phenylketonuria]. Klin Padiatr. 1986 Jan-Feb;198(1):25-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1026847. [PubMed:3959486 ]
Hagenfeldt L, Bjerkenstedt L, Edman G, Sedvall G, Wiesel FA: Amino acids in plasma and CSF and monoamine metabolites in CSF: interrelationship in healthy subjects. J Neurochem. 1984 Mar;42(3):833-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb02756.x. [PubMed:6198473 ]
Origuchi Y, Ushijima T, Sakaguchi M, Akaboshi I, Matsuda I: Citrullinemia presenting as uncontrollable epilepsy. Brain Dev. 1984;6(3):328-31. doi: 10.1016/s0387-7604(84)80047-9. [PubMed:6486381 ]
Fleisher LD, Harris CJ, Mitchell DA, Nadler HL: Citrullinemia: prenatal diagnosis of an affected fetus. Am J Hum Genet. 1983 Jan;35(1):85-90. [PubMed:6823975 ]
DeLong GR, Glick TH: Ammonia metabolism in Reye syndrome and the effect of citrulline. Ann Neurol. 1982 Jan;11(1):53-8. doi: 10.1002/ana.410110110. [PubMed:7059128 ]
Le Boucher J, Charret C, Coudray-Lucas C, Giboudeau J, Cynober L: Amino acid determination in biological fluids by automated ion-exchange chromatography: performance of Hitachi L-8500A. Clin Chem. 1997 Aug;43(8 Pt 1):1421-8. [PubMed:9267323 ]
Facchinetti F, Longo M, Piccinini F, Neri I, Volpe A: L-arginine infusion reduces blood pressure in preeclamptic women through nitric oxide release. J Soc Gynecol Investig. 1999 Jul-Aug;6(4):202-7. doi: 10.1016/s1071-5576(99)00017-9. [PubMed:10486782 ]
Crenn P, Coudray-Lucas C, Thuillier F, Cynober L, Messing B: Postabsorptive plasma citrulline concentration is a marker of absorptive enterocyte mass and intestinal failure in humans. Gastroenterology. 2000 Dec;119(6):1496-505. doi: 10.1053/gast.2000.20227. [PubMed:11113071 ]
Maruyama H, Ogawa M, Nishio T, Kobayashi K, Saheki T, Sunohara N: Citrullinemia type II in a 64-year-old man with fluctuating serum citrulline levels. J Neurol Sci. 2001 Jan 1;182(2):167-70. doi: 10.1016/s0022-510x(00)00449-4. [PubMed:11137523 ]
Reparon-Schuijt CC, van Esch WJ, van Kooten C, Schellekens GA, de Jong BA, van Venrooij WJ, Breedveld FC, Verweij CL: Secretion of anti-citrulline-containing peptide antibody by B lymphocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2001 Jan;44(1):41-7. doi: 10.1002/1529-0131(200101)44:1<41::AID-ANR6>3.0.CO;2-0. [PubMed:11212174 ]
Cynober LA: Plasma amino acid levels with a note on membrane transport: characteristics, regulation, and metabolic significance. Nutrition. 2002 Sep;18(9):761-6. doi: 10.1016/s0899-9007(02)00780-3. [PubMed:12297216 ]
Engelborghs S, Marescau B, De Deyn PP: Amino acids and biogenic amines in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Res. 2003 Aug;28(8):1145-50. doi: 10.1023/a:1024255208563. [PubMed:12834252 ]
Rainesalo S, Keranen T, Palmio J, Peltola J, Oja SS, Saransaari P: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid amino acids in epileptic patients. Neurochem Res. 2004 Jan;29(1):319-24. doi: 10.1023/b:nere.0000010461.34920.0c. [PubMed:14992292 ]
Potter MA, Zeesman S, Brennan B, Kobayashi K, Gao HZ, Tabata A, Saheki T, Whelan DT: Pregnancy in a healthy woman with untreated citrullinemia. Am J Med Genet A. 2004 Aug 15;129A(1):77-82. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.20559. [PubMed:15266621 ]
Jianfeng G, Weiming Z, Ning L, Fangnan L, Li T, Nan L, Jieshou L: Serum citrulline is a simple quantitative marker for small intestinal enterocytes mass and absorption function in short bowel patients. J Surg Res. 2005 Aug;127(2):177-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2005.04.004. [PubMed:15921697 ]
Wheatley DN, Kilfeather R, Stitt A, Campbell E: Integrity and stability of the citrulline-arginine pathway in normal and tumour cell lines. Cancer Lett. 2005 Sep 28;227(2):141-52. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2005.01.004. [PubMed:16112417 ]
Melis GC, Boelens PG, van der Sijp JR, Popovici T, De Bandt JP, Cynober L, van Leeuwen PA: The feeding route (enteral or parenteral) affects the plasma response of the dipetide Ala-Gln and the amino acids glutamine, citrulline and arginine, with the administration of Ala-Gln in preoperative patients. Br J Nutr. 2005 Jul;94(1):19-26. doi: 10.1079/bjn20051463. [PubMed:16115328 ]
Sreekumar A, Poisson LM, Rajendiran TM, Khan AP, Cao Q, Yu J, Laxman B, Mehra R, Lonigro RJ, Li Y, Nyati MK, Ahsan A, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Cao X, Byun J, Omenn GS, Ghosh D, Pennathur S, Alexander DC, Berger A, Shuster JR, Wei JT, Varambally S, Beecher C, Chinnaiyan AM: Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression. Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07762. [PubMed:19212411 ]
Brunk E, Sahoo S, Zielinski DC, Altunkaya A, Drager A, Mih N, Gatto F, Nilsson A, Preciat Gonzalez GA, Aurich MK, Prlic A, Sastry A, Danielsdottir AD, Heinken A, Noronha A, Rose PW, Burley SK, Fleming RMT, Nielsen J, Thiele I, Palsson BO: Recon3D enables a three-dimensional view of gene variation in human metabolism. Nat Biotechnol. 2018 Mar;36(3):272-281. doi: 10.1038/nbt.4072. Epub 2018 Feb 19. [PubMed:29457794 ]
Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043. [PubMed:32033212 ]

Showing metabocard for Citrulline (MMDBc0000378)

MOL for #<Metabolite:0x00007fe2a8562e20>

3D MOL for #<Metabolite:0x00007fe2a8562e20>

3D SDF for #<Metabolite:0x00007fe2a8562e20>

3D-SDF for #<Metabolite:0x00007fe2a8562e20>

PDB for #<Metabolite:0x00007fe2a8562e20>

3D PDB for #<Metabolite:0x00007fe2a8562e20>

SMILES for #<Metabolite:0x00007fe2a8562e20>

INCHI for #<Metabolite:0x00007fe2a8562e20>

Structure for #<Metabolite:0x00007fe2a8562e20>

3D Structure for #<Metabolite:0x00007fe2a8562e20>